This page is part of the 國家級人體生物資料庫整合平台共同資料模式實作指引(NBCT Common Data Model IG) (v0.1.0: Releases) based on FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) R4. This is the current published version in its permanent home (it will always be available at this URL). For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

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Resource Profile: Observation LABD、LABM-報告資料段

用於描述檢驗檢查資料檔每日格式(LABD)與檢驗檢查資料檔每月格式(LABM)的資料報告段

Usage:

• Use this Resource Profile: Bundle LABD and Bundle LABM
• Refer to this Resource Profile: Composition LABD and Composition LABM
• Examples for this Resource Profile: Observation/obs-LABDM

Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

• Key Elements Table
• Differential Table
• Snapshot Table
• Statistics/References
• All

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	TWCoreObservationLaboratoryResult	檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。 dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present tw-core-4: If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present.
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	創建此內容所依據的一組規則 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
identifier	SΣ	1..1	Identifier	檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known . ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	0..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Example General: http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
value	SΣ	1..1	string	報告序號。[LABD.r1/LABM.r1] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Example General: 123456
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用所綁定值集中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此值集，你也可使用其他值集的代碼或單純以文字表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
category:twcore	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: 臺灣衛福部資訊處Observation Clinical Result類型值集 (required): 此slice綁定的值集之綁定強度雖為最高強度「要求使用(Requird)」，但因slice之特性，其不會限制僅能填此值集中的代碼，故在實作時也可使用其他值集的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: laboratory
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible): 鼓勵使用所綁定值集中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此值集，你也可使用其他值集的代碼或單純以文字表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding:LOINCObservationCode	S	0..1	CodingTW	LOINC®為Regenstrief Institute, Inc.維護的檢驗事件描述代碼，可免費使用，可優先選用此代碼。 Binding: LOINC實驗室檢驗檢查值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: http://loinc.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號。檢驗項目名稱代碼，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中央健康保險署(NHI)維護之醫療服務給付項目-檢驗相關代碼，主要針對申報使用，更新頻率相對頻繁，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣健保署醫療服務給付項目-檢驗值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號。檢驗項目名稱代碼，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法。檢驗項目名稱，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料)	檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
encounter	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Encounter LABD-就醫日期/入院年月日 | Encounter LABM-就醫日期/入住院日期)	檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
effective[x]	SΣC	1..1		報告日期時間，[LABD.r10/LABM.r10] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children tw-core-3: Datetime must be at least to day.
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
performer	SΣ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	誰負責這項檢驗檢查 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1		檢驗檢查的實際結果 Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children tw-core-5: SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units.
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	檢驗檢查的實際結果 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children tw-core-5: SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units.
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	檢驗報告結果值。[LABD.r4/LABM.r4] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
unit	SΣ	0..1	string	單位。[LABD.r5/LABM.r5] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code	SΣ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]:valueString	SΣC	0..1	string	檢驗報告結果值。[LABD.r4/LABM.r4] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children tw-core-5: SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units.
dataAbsentReason	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
interpretation	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 代碼指明檢驗檢查結果的解釋；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code	SΣ	1..1	code	報告結果。[LABD.r7/LABM.r7] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	報告結果。[LABD.r7/LABM.r7] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
note	S	0..*	Annotation	關於此檢驗檢查之解說 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	1..1	markdown	檢驗(查)結果值註記。[LABD.r12/LABM.r12] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
method	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成 Binding: ObservationMethods (extensible): 檢驗檢查的方法；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code	SΣ	1..1	code	檢驗方法。[LABD.r3/LABM.r3] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	檢驗方法。LABD.r3/LABM.r3] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
referenceRange	SC	1..*	BackboneElement	解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
low	SC	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考值下限。[LABD.r6-1/LABM.r6-1] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
high	SC	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考值上限。[LABD.r6-2/LABM.r6-2] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	S	0..1	string	參考值上/下限，[LABD.r6-1/LABD.r6-2/LABM.r6-1/LABM.r6-2] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
component	SΣ	0..*	BackboneElement	組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC實驗室檢驗檢查值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考LOINCCodes值集，但此值集只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的範例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此值集的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding:LOINCObservationCode	S	0..1	CodingTW	LOINC®為Regenstrief Institute, Inc.維護的檢驗事件描述代碼，可免費使用，可優先選用此代碼。 Binding: LOINC實驗室檢驗檢查值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: http://loinc.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中央健康保險署(NHI)維護之醫療服務給付項目相關代碼，主要針對申報使用，更新頻率相對頻繁，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣健保署醫療服務給付項目-檢驗值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]	SΣ	0..1		組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.identifier.use	required	IdentifierUse http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:twcore	required	Pattern: laboratory https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/observation-clinical-result-category
Observation.code	extensible	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC) http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code.coding:LOINCObservationCode	required	LOINCObservationCode https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/loinc-observation-code
Observation.code.coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	required	TWLaboratoryCategory https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/laboratory-category-tw
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method	extensible	ObservationMethods http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCObservationCode https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/loinc-observation-code
Observation.component.code.coding:LOINCObservationCode	required	LOINCObservationCode https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/loinc-observation-code
Observation.component.code.coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	required	TWLaboratoryCategory https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/laboratory-category-tw

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
tw-core-3	error	Observation.effective[x]	Datetime must be at least to day. : $this is dateTime implies $this.toString().length() >= 10
tw-core-4	error	Observation	If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present. : (component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
tw-core-5	error	Observation.value[x], Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity, Observation.value[x]:valueString	SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units. : ofType(Quantity).system.empty() or ofType(Quantity).system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org'

This structure is derived from TWCoreObservationLaboratoryResult

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	TWCoreObservationLaboratoryResult	檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。
identifier	S	1..1	Identifier	檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。
system	S	0..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value
value	S	1..1	string	報告序號。[LABD.r1/LABM.r1]
code
Slices for coding				Content/Rules for all slices
coding:LOINCObservationCode		0..1	CodingTW	LOINC®為Regenstrief Institute, Inc.維護的檢驗事件描述代碼，可免費使用，可優先選用此代碼。
code		1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號。檢驗項目名稱代碼，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2]
coding:TWLaboratoryCategory		0..1	CodingTW	此為中央健康保險署(NHI)維護之醫療服務給付項目-檢驗相關代碼，主要針對申報使用，更新頻率相對頻繁，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。
code		1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號。檢驗項目名稱代碼，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2]
text		0..1	string	概念的文字表示法。檢驗項目名稱，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2]
subject		1..1	Reference(Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料)	檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物
encounter		1..1	Reference(Encounter LABD-就醫日期/入院年月日 | Encounter LABM-就醫日期/入住院日期)	檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的
effective[x]		1..1	dateTime, Period, Timing, instant	報告日期時間，[LABD.r10/LABM.r10]
Slices for value[x]		0..1	Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period	檢驗檢查的實際結果 Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity		0..1	Quantity	檢驗檢查的實際結果
value	S	1..1	decimal	檢驗報告結果值。[LABD.r4/LABM.r4]
unit	S	0..1	string	單位。[LABD.r5/LABM.r5]
system	S	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form
code	S	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
value[x]:valueString		0..1	string	檢驗報告結果值。[LABD.r4/LABM.r4]
interpretation	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等
coding
system		1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別
code		1..1	code	報告結果。[LABD.r7/LABM.r7]
text		0..1	string	報告結果。[LABD.r7/LABM.r7]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	關於此檢驗檢查之解說
text	S	1..1	markdown	檢驗(查)結果值註記。[LABD.r12/LABM.r12]
method	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成
coding
system		1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別
code		1..1	code	檢驗方法。[LABD.r3/LABM.r3]
text		0..1	string	檢驗方法。LABD.r3/LABM.r3]
referenceRange	S	1..*	BackboneElement	解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。
low	S	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考值下限。[LABD.r6-1/LABM.r6-1]
high	S	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考值上限。[LABD.r6-2/LABM.r6-2]
text	S	0..1	string	參考值上/下限，[LABD.r6-1/LABD.r6-2/LABM.r6-1/LABM.r6-2]
Documentation for this format

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	TWCoreObservationLaboratoryResult	檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。 obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present tw-core-4: If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present.
id	Σ	0..1	id	不重複的ID用以識別儲存在特定FHIR Server中的Observation紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性ID。
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	此Observation Resource的metadata
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	創建此內容所依據的一組規則
language		0..1	code	用以表述Observation Resource內容的語言。 Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): 人類語言；鼓勵使用CommonLanguages代碼表中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding Example Value: zh-TW
text		0..1	Narrative	Observation Resource之內容摘要以供人閱讀
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	SΣ	1..1	Identifier	檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
type	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	Description of identifier Binding: Identifier Type Codes (extensible): A coded type for an identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.
system	SΣ	0..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value Example General: http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
value	SΣ	1..1	string	報告序號。[LABD.r1/LABM.r1] Example General: 123456
period	Σ	0..1	Period	Time period when id is/was valid for use
assigner	Σ	0..1	Reference(Organization)	Organization that issued id (may be just text)
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | TW Core ServiceRequest)	依據的照護計畫／提議／醫令
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy)	此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用所綁定值集中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此值集，你也可使用其他值集的代碼或單純以文字表示。
category:twcore	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: 臺灣衛福部資訊處Observation Clinical Result類型值集 (required): 此slice綁定的值集之綁定強度雖為最高強度「要求使用(Requird)」，但因slice之特性，其不會限制僅能填此值集中的代碼，故在實作時也可使用其他值集的代碼。 Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: laboratory
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible): 鼓勵使用所綁定值集中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此值集，你也可使用其他值集的代碼或單純以文字表示。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system
coding:LOINCObservationCode	S	0..1	CodingTW	LOINC®為Regenstrief Institute, Inc.維護的檢驗事件描述代碼，可免費使用，可優先選用此代碼。 Binding: LOINC實驗室檢驗檢查值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: http://loinc.org
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號。檢驗項目名稱代碼，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2]
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中央健康保險署(NHI)維護之醫療服務給付項目-檢驗相關代碼，主要針對申報使用，更新頻率相對頻繁，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣健保署醫療服務給付項目-檢驗值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號。檢驗項目名稱代碼，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2]
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法。檢驗項目名稱，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2]
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料)	檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物
focus	Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	當檢驗檢查並非有關於與病人本身，檢驗檢查是關於什麼。
encounter	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Encounter LABD-就醫日期/入院年月日 | Encounter LABM-就醫日期/入住院日期)	檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的
effective[x]	SΣC	1..1		報告日期時間，[LABD.r10/LABM.r10] tw-core-3: Datetime must be at least to day.
effectiveDateTime			dateTime S
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	此版本檢驗檢查完成的日期或時間
performer	SΣ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	誰負責這項檢驗檢查
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1		檢驗檢查的實際結果 Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this tw-core-5: SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units.
valueQuantity			Quantity S
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept S
valueString			string S
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣC	0..1	Quantity S	檢驗檢查的實際結果 tw-core-5: SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	檢驗報告結果值。[LABD.r4/LABM.r4]
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	SΣ	0..1	string	單位。[LABD.r5/LABM.r5]
system	SΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form
code	SΣ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
value[x]:valueString	SΣC	0..1	string S	檢驗報告結果值。[LABD.r4/LABM.r4] tw-core-5: SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units.
dataAbsentReason	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。
interpretation	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 代碼指明檢驗檢查結果的解釋；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	報告結果。[LABD.r7/LABM.r7]
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text	SΣ	0..1	string	報告結果。[LABD.r7/LABM.r7]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	關於此檢驗檢查之解說
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
author[x]	Σ	0..1		Individual responsible for the annotation
authorReference			Reference(Practitioner | Patient | RelatedPerson | Organization)
authorString			string
time	Σ	0..1	dateTime	When the annotation was made
text	SΣ	1..1	markdown	檢驗(查)結果值註記。[LABD.r12/LABM.r12]
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConceptTW	接受檢驗檢查的身體部位。此為SNOMED CT代碼，若機構已有購買相關授權，亦可使用。 Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (extensible): 代碼說明解剖學位置，可能包含側邊；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。
method	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成 Binding: ObservationMethods (extensible): 檢驗檢查的方法；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	檢驗方法。[LABD.r3/LABM.r3]
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text	SΣ	0..1	string	檢驗方法。LABD.r3/LABM.r3]
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	此檢驗檢查的檢體
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	（測量）設備
referenceRange	SC	1..*	BackboneElement	解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。 obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	SC	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考值下限。[LABD.r6-1/LABM.r6-1]
high	SC	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考值上限。[LABD.r6-2/LABM.r6-2]
type		0..1	CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的限定詞 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): 用以表述參考範圍值之含意的代碼；鼓勵使用所綁定值集中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此值集，你也可使用其他值集的代碼或單純以文字表示。
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值是用適用的對象或人口群 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): 用以指明參考範圍值適用的對象或人口群之代碼；可參考所綁定代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼代碼表中的代碼。
age		0..1	Range	適用的年齡範圍值，如果相關。
text	S	0..1	string	參考值上/下限，[LABD.r6-1/LABD.r6-2/LABM.r6-1/LABM.r6-2]
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Observation Laboratory Result | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	屬於此組檢驗檢查的相關Resource
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Laboratory Result | MolecularSequence)	檢驗檢查源自哪些相關測量
component	SΣ	0..*	BackboneElement	組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC實驗室檢驗檢查值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考LOINCCodes值集，但此值集只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的範例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此值集的代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system
coding:LOINCObservationCode	S	0..1	CodingTW	LOINC®為Regenstrief Institute, Inc.維護的檢驗事件描述代碼，可免費使用，可優先選用此代碼。 Binding: LOINC實驗室檢驗檢查值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: http://loinc.org
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中央健康保險署(NHI)維護之醫療服務給付項目相關代碼，主要針對申報使用，更新頻率相對頻繁，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣健保署醫療服務給付項目-檢驗值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法
value[x]	SΣ	0..1		組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason		0..1	CodeableConceptTW	為什麼缺少組成之檢驗檢查結果 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼指明為什麼結果（Observation.value[x]）缺少；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等。 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 用以指明檢驗檢查的解釋之代碼。應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	解釋此組成之檢驗驗查的結果值之指引
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages from the FHIR Standard Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.identifier.use	required	IdentifierUse http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.identifier.type	extensible	Identifier Type Codes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-type from the FHIR Standard
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:twcore	required	Pattern: laboratory https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/observation-clinical-result-category
Observation.code	extensible	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC) http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code.coding:LOINCObservationCode	required	LOINCObservationCode https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/loinc-observation-code
Observation.code.coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	required	TWLaboratoryCategory https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/laboratory-category-tw
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite	extensible	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method	extensible	ObservationMethods http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCObservationCode https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/loinc-observation-code
Observation.component.code.coding:LOINCObservationCode	required	LOINCObservationCode https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/loinc-observation-code
Observation.component.code.coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	required	TWLaboratoryCategory https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/laboratory-category-tw
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
tw-core-3	error	Observation.effective[x]	Datetime must be at least to day. : $this is dateTime implies $this.toString().length() >= 10
tw-core-4	error	Observation	If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present. : (component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
tw-core-5	error	Observation.value[x], Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity, Observation.value[x]:valueString	SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units. : ofType(Quantity).system.empty() or ofType(Quantity).system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org'

This structure is derived from TWCoreObservationLaboratoryResult

Summary

Mandatory: 4 elements(5 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 15 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料 (https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/StructureDefinition/PatientCDM)
• Encounter LABD-就醫日期/入院年月日 (https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/StructureDefinition/EncounterLABD)
• Encounter LABM-就醫日期/入住院日期 (https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/StructureDefinition/EncounterLABM)

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.value[x]

Key Elements View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	TWCoreObservationLaboratoryResult	檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。 dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present tw-core-4: If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present.
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	創建此內容所依據的一組規則 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
identifier	SΣ	1..1	Identifier	檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known . ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	0..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Example General: http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
value	SΣ	1..1	string	報告序號。[LABD.r1/LABM.r1] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Example General: 123456
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用所綁定值集中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此值集，你也可使用其他值集的代碼或單純以文字表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
category:twcore	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: 臺灣衛福部資訊處Observation Clinical Result類型值集 (required): 此slice綁定的值集之綁定強度雖為最高強度「要求使用(Requird)」，但因slice之特性，其不會限制僅能填此值集中的代碼，故在實作時也可使用其他值集的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: laboratory
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible): 鼓勵使用所綁定值集中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此值集，你也可使用其他值集的代碼或單純以文字表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding:LOINCObservationCode	S	0..1	CodingTW	LOINC®為Regenstrief Institute, Inc.維護的檢驗事件描述代碼，可免費使用，可優先選用此代碼。 Binding: LOINC實驗室檢驗檢查值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: http://loinc.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號。檢驗項目名稱代碼，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中央健康保險署(NHI)維護之醫療服務給付項目-檢驗相關代碼，主要針對申報使用，更新頻率相對頻繁，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣健保署醫療服務給付項目-檢驗值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號。檢驗項目名稱代碼，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法。檢驗項目名稱，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料)	檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
encounter	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Encounter LABD-就醫日期/入院年月日 | Encounter LABM-就醫日期/入住院日期)	檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
effective[x]	SΣC	1..1		報告日期時間，[LABD.r10/LABM.r10] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children tw-core-3: Datetime must be at least to day.
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
performer	SΣ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	誰負責這項檢驗檢查 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1		檢驗檢查的實際結果 Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children tw-core-5: SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units.
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣC	0..1	Quantity	檢驗檢查的實際結果 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children tw-core-5: SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units.
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	檢驗報告結果值。[LABD.r4/LABM.r4] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
unit	SΣ	0..1	string	單位。[LABD.r5/LABM.r5] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code	SΣ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]:valueString	SΣC	0..1	string	檢驗報告結果值。[LABD.r4/LABM.r4] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children tw-core-5: SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units.
dataAbsentReason	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
interpretation	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 代碼指明檢驗檢查結果的解釋；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code	SΣ	1..1	code	報告結果。[LABD.r7/LABM.r7] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	報告結果。[LABD.r7/LABM.r7] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
note	S	0..*	Annotation	關於此檢驗檢查之解說 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	1..1	markdown	檢驗(查)結果值註記。[LABD.r12/LABM.r12] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
method	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成 Binding: ObservationMethods (extensible): 檢驗檢查的方法；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code	SΣ	1..1	code	檢驗方法。[LABD.r3/LABM.r3] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	檢驗方法。LABD.r3/LABM.r3] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
referenceRange	SC	1..*	BackboneElement	解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
low	SC	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考值下限。[LABD.r6-1/LABM.r6-1] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
high	SC	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考值上限。[LABD.r6-2/LABM.r6-2] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	S	0..1	string	參考值上/下限，[LABD.r6-1/LABD.r6-2/LABM.r6-1/LABM.r6-2] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
component	SΣ	0..*	BackboneElement	組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC實驗室檢驗檢查值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考LOINCCodes值集，但此值集只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的範例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此值集的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding:LOINCObservationCode	S	0..1	CodingTW	LOINC®為Regenstrief Institute, Inc.維護的檢驗事件描述代碼，可免費使用，可優先選用此代碼。 Binding: LOINC實驗室檢驗檢查值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: http://loinc.org
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中央健康保險署(NHI)維護之醫療服務給付項目相關代碼，主要針對申報使用，更新頻率相對頻繁，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣健保署醫療服務給付項目-檢驗值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]	SΣ	0..1		組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.identifier.use	required	IdentifierUse http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:twcore	required	Pattern: laboratory https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/observation-clinical-result-category
Observation.code	extensible	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC) http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code.coding:LOINCObservationCode	required	LOINCObservationCode https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/loinc-observation-code
Observation.code.coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	required	TWLaboratoryCategory https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/laboratory-category-tw
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method	extensible	ObservationMethods http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCObservationCode https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/loinc-observation-code
Observation.component.code.coding:LOINCObservationCode	required	LOINCObservationCode https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/loinc-observation-code
Observation.component.code.coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	required	TWLaboratoryCategory https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/laboratory-category-tw

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
tw-core-3	error	Observation.effective[x]	Datetime must be at least to day. : $this is dateTime implies $this.toString().length() >= 10
tw-core-4	error	Observation	If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present. : (component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
tw-core-5	error	Observation.value[x], Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity, Observation.value[x]:valueString	SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units. : ofType(Quantity).system.empty() or ofType(Quantity).system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org'

Differential View

This structure is derived from TWCoreObservationLaboratoryResult

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	TWCoreObservationLaboratoryResult	檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。
identifier	S	1..1	Identifier	檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。
system	S	0..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value
value	S	1..1	string	報告序號。[LABD.r1/LABM.r1]
code
Slices for coding				Content/Rules for all slices
coding:LOINCObservationCode		0..1	CodingTW	LOINC®為Regenstrief Institute, Inc.維護的檢驗事件描述代碼，可免費使用，可優先選用此代碼。
code		1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號。檢驗項目名稱代碼，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2]
coding:TWLaboratoryCategory		0..1	CodingTW	此為中央健康保險署(NHI)維護之醫療服務給付項目-檢驗相關代碼，主要針對申報使用，更新頻率相對頻繁，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。
code		1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號。檢驗項目名稱代碼，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2]
text		0..1	string	概念的文字表示法。檢驗項目名稱，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2]
subject		1..1	Reference(Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料)	檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物
encounter		1..1	Reference(Encounter LABD-就醫日期/入院年月日 | Encounter LABM-就醫日期/入住院日期)	檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的
effective[x]		1..1	dateTime, Period, Timing, instant	報告日期時間，[LABD.r10/LABM.r10]
Slices for value[x]		0..1	Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period	檢驗檢查的實際結果 Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
value[x]:valueQuantity		0..1	Quantity	檢驗檢查的實際結果
value	S	1..1	decimal	檢驗報告結果值。[LABD.r4/LABM.r4]
unit	S	0..1	string	單位。[LABD.r5/LABM.r5]
system	S	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form
code	S	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
value[x]:valueString		0..1	string	檢驗報告結果值。[LABD.r4/LABM.r4]
interpretation	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等
coding
system		1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別
code		1..1	code	報告結果。[LABD.r7/LABM.r7]
text		0..1	string	報告結果。[LABD.r7/LABM.r7]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	關於此檢驗檢查之解說
text	S	1..1	markdown	檢驗(查)結果值註記。[LABD.r12/LABM.r12]
method	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成
coding
system		1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別
code		1..1	code	檢驗方法。[LABD.r3/LABM.r3]
text		0..1	string	檢驗方法。LABD.r3/LABM.r3]
referenceRange	S	1..*	BackboneElement	解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。
low	S	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考值下限。[LABD.r6-1/LABM.r6-1]
high	S	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考值上限。[LABD.r6-2/LABM.r6-2]
text	S	0..1	string	參考值上/下限，[LABD.r6-1/LABD.r6-2/LABM.r6-1/LABM.r6-2]
Documentation for this format

Snapshot View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	TWCoreObservationLaboratoryResult	檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。 obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present tw-core-4: If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present.
id	Σ	0..1	id	不重複的ID用以識別儲存在特定FHIR Server中的Observation紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性ID。
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	此Observation Resource的metadata
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	創建此內容所依據的一組規則
language		0..1	code	用以表述Observation Resource內容的語言。 Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): 人類語言；鼓勵使用CommonLanguages代碼表中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding Example Value: zh-TW
text		0..1	Narrative	Observation Resource之內容摘要以供人閱讀
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	SΣ	1..1	Identifier	檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
type	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	Description of identifier Binding: Identifier Type Codes (extensible): A coded type for an identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.
system	SΣ	0..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value Example General: http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
value	SΣ	1..1	string	報告序號。[LABD.r1/LABM.r1] Example General: 123456
period	Σ	0..1	Period	Time period when id is/was valid for use
assigner	Σ	0..1	Reference(Organization)	Organization that issued id (may be just text)
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | TW Core ServiceRequest)	依據的照護計畫／提議／醫令
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy)	此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用所綁定值集中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此值集，你也可使用其他值集的代碼或單純以文字表示。
category:twcore	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: 臺灣衛福部資訊處Observation Clinical Result類型值集 (required): 此slice綁定的值集之綁定強度雖為最高強度「要求使用(Requird)」，但因slice之特性，其不會限制僅能填此值集中的代碼，故在實作時也可使用其他值集的代碼。 Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: laboratory
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINCCodes (extensible): 鼓勵使用所綁定值集中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此值集，你也可使用其他值集的代碼或單純以文字表示。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system
coding:LOINCObservationCode	S	0..1	CodingTW	LOINC®為Regenstrief Institute, Inc.維護的檢驗事件描述代碼，可免費使用，可優先選用此代碼。 Binding: LOINC實驗室檢驗檢查值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: http://loinc.org
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號。檢驗項目名稱代碼，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2]
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中央健康保險署(NHI)維護之醫療服務給付項目-檢驗相關代碼，主要針對申報使用，更新頻率相對頻繁，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣健保署醫療服務給付項目-檢驗值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號。檢驗項目名稱代碼，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2]
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法。檢驗項目名稱，[LABD.r2/LABM.r2]
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料)	檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物
focus	Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	當檢驗檢查並非有關於與病人本身，檢驗檢查是關於什麼。
encounter	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Encounter LABD-就醫日期/入院年月日 | Encounter LABM-就醫日期/入住院日期)	檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的
effective[x]	SΣC	1..1		報告日期時間，[LABD.r10/LABM.r10] tw-core-3: Datetime must be at least to day.
effectiveDateTime			dateTime S
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	此版本檢驗檢查完成的日期或時間
performer	SΣ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	誰負責這項檢驗檢查
Slices for value[x]	SΣC	0..1		檢驗檢查的實際結果 Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this tw-core-5: SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units.
valueQuantity			Quantity S
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept S
valueString			string S
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
value[x]:valueQuantity	SΣC	0..1	Quantity S	檢驗檢查的實際結果 tw-core-5: SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	SΣ	1..1	decimal	檢驗報告結果值。[LABD.r4/LABM.r4]
comparator	?!Σ	0..1	code	< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit	SΣ	0..1	string	單位。[LABD.r5/LABM.r5]
system	SΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form
code	SΣ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
value[x]:valueString	SΣC	0..1	string S	檢驗報告結果值。[LABD.r4/LABM.r4] tw-core-5: SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units.
dataAbsentReason	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。
interpretation	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 代碼指明檢驗檢查結果的解釋；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	報告結果。[LABD.r7/LABM.r7]
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text	SΣ	0..1	string	報告結果。[LABD.r7/LABM.r7]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	關於此檢驗檢查之解說
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
author[x]	Σ	0..1		Individual responsible for the annotation
authorReference			Reference(Practitioner | Patient | RelatedPerson | Organization)
authorString			string
time	Σ	0..1	dateTime	When the annotation was made
text	SΣ	1..1	markdown	檢驗(查)結果值註記。[LABD.r12/LABM.r12]
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConceptTW	接受檢驗檢查的身體部位。此為SNOMED CT代碼，若機構已有購買相關授權，亦可使用。 Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (extensible): 代碼說明解剖學位置，可能包含側邊；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。
method	S	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成 Binding: ObservationMethods (extensible): 檢驗檢查的方法；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	檢驗方法。[LABD.r3/LABM.r3]
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text	SΣ	0..1	string	檢驗方法。LABD.r3/LABM.r3]
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	此檢驗檢查的檢體
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	（測量）設備
referenceRange	SC	1..*	BackboneElement	解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。 obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	SC	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考值下限。[LABD.r6-1/LABM.r6-1]
high	SC	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考值上限。[LABD.r6-2/LABM.r6-2]
type		0..1	CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的限定詞 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): 用以表述參考範圍值之含意的代碼；鼓勵使用所綁定值集中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此值集，你也可使用其他值集的代碼或單純以文字表示。
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值是用適用的對象或人口群 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): 用以指明參考範圍值適用的對象或人口群之代碼；可參考所綁定代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼代碼表中的代碼。
age		0..1	Range	適用的年齡範圍值，如果相關。
text	S	0..1	string	參考值上/下限，[LABD.r6-1/LABD.r6-2/LABM.r6-1/LABM.r6-2]
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Observation Laboratory Result | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	屬於此組檢驗檢查的相關Resource
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Laboratory Result | MolecularSequence)	檢驗檢查源自哪些相關測量
component	SΣ	0..*	BackboneElement	組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC實驗室檢驗檢查值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考LOINCCodes值集，但此值集只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的範例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此值集的代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:system
coding:LOINCObservationCode	S	0..1	CodingTW	LOINC®為Regenstrief Institute, Inc.維護的檢驗事件描述代碼，可免費使用，可優先選用此代碼。 Binding: LOINC實驗室檢驗檢查值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: http://loinc.org
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中央健康保險署(NHI)維護之醫療服務給付項目相關代碼，主要針對申報使用，更新頻率相對頻繁，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣健保署醫療服務給付項目-檢驗值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法
value[x]	SΣ	0..1		組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason		0..1	CodeableConceptTW	為什麼缺少組成之檢驗檢查結果 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼指明為什麼結果（Observation.value[x]）缺少；應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等。 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 用以指明檢驗檢查的解釋之代碼。應填入所綁定值集中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他值集的代碼來表示。
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	解釋此組成之檢驗驗查的結果值之指引
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages from the FHIR Standard Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.identifier.use	required	IdentifierUse http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.identifier.type	extensible	Identifier Type Codes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-type from the FHIR Standard
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:twcore	required	Pattern: laboratory https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/observation-clinical-result-category
Observation.code	extensible	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC) http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code.coding:LOINCObservationCode	required	LOINCObservationCode https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/loinc-observation-code
Observation.code.coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	required	TWLaboratoryCategory https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/laboratory-category-tw
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.comparator	required	QuantityComparator http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/quantity-comparator|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite	extensible	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method	extensible	ObservationMethods http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCObservationCode https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/loinc-observation-code
Observation.component.code.coding:LOINCObservationCode	required	LOINCObservationCode https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/loinc-observation-code
Observation.component.code.coding:TWLaboratoryCategory	required	TWLaboratoryCategory https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/laboratory-category-tw
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
tw-core-3	error	Observation.effective[x]	Datetime must be at least to day. : $this is dateTime implies $this.toString().length() >= 10
tw-core-4	error	Observation	If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present. : (component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
tw-core-5	error	Observation.value[x], Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity, Observation.value[x]:valueString	SHALL use UCUM for coded quantity units. : ofType(Quantity).system.empty() or ofType(Quantity).system = 'http://unitsofmeasure.org'

This structure is derived from TWCoreObservationLaboratoryResult

Summary

Mandatory: 4 elements(5 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 15 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料 (https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/StructureDefinition/PatientCDM)
• Encounter LABD-就醫日期/入院年月日 (https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/StructureDefinition/EncounterLABD)
• Encounter LABM-就醫日期/入住院日期 (https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/StructureDefinition/EncounterLABM)

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.value[x]