This page is part of the 國家級人體生物資料庫整合平台共同資料模式實作指引(NBCT Common Data Model IG) (v1.0.0: Release) based on FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) R4. This is the current published version in its permanent home (it will always be available at this URL). For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

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Resource Profile: TW Core Observation

此臺灣核心-檢驗檢查(TW Core Observation) Profile說明本IG如何進一步定義FHIR的Observation Resource以呈現身體檢驗數據的詳細資料 [FMM1]

Usage:

• Derived from this Resource Profile: Observation CASE-復發狀態, Observation CASE-存活狀態, Observation CASE-治療反應, Observation 醫令清單段 and Observation TOTFB-慢、急性病床天數

Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

• Key Elements Table
• Differential Table
• Snapshot Table
• Statistics/References
• All

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。 dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present
id	Σ	0..1	string	不重複的ID用以識別儲存在特定FHIR Server中的Observation紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性ID。
meta	ΣN	0..1	Meta	此Observation Resource的metadata ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	創建此內容所依據的一組規則 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
language		0..1	code	用以表述Observation Resource內容的語言 Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): 人類語言；鼓勵使用CommonLanguages代碼表中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Example Value: zh-TW
text	SN	0..1	Narrative	Observation Resource之內容摘要以供人閱讀 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
contained		0..*	Resource	內嵌的（contained）、行內的Resources
modifierExtension	?!N	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
identifier	ΣN	0..*	Identifier	檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
basedOn	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	依據的照護計畫／提議／醫令 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
partOf	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入ObservationStatus代碼表中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
category	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	檢驗檢查分類 Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用ObservationCategoryCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding	SΣN	1..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code	ΣN	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 應填入生命體徵值集代碼表中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
subject	ΣCN	1..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
focus	ΣCTU	0..*	Reference(Resource)	當檢驗檢查並非有關於與病人本身，檢驗檢查是關於什麼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
encounter	ΣCN	0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
effective[x]	ΣN	0..1		檢驗檢查執行日期或時間區間 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	此版本檢驗檢查完成的日期或時間 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
performer	SΣCN	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | PractitionerRole | CareTeam)	誰負責這項檢驗檢查 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
value[x]	SΣCN	0..1		檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SCN	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
interpretation	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 代碼指明檢驗檢查結果的解釋；應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
note	N	0..*	Annotation	關於此檢驗檢查之解說 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
bodySite	N	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	接受檢驗檢查的身體部位。此為SNOMED CT代碼，若機構已有購買相關授權，亦可使用。 Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): 代碼說明解剖學位置，可能包含側邊；可參考SNOMEDCTBodyStructures代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
method	N	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成 Binding: ObservationMethods (example): 檢驗檢查的方法；可參考ObservationMethods代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
specimen	CN	0..1	Reference(Specimen)	此檢驗檢查的檢體 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
device	CN	0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	（測量）設備 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
referenceRange	CN	0..*	BackboneElement	解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
modifierExtension	?!ΣN	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
low	CN	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考範圍值的下限值，如果相關。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children qty-3: If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present sqty-1: The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
high	CN	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考範圍值的上限值，如果相關。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children qty-3: If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present sqty-1: The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
type	N	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的限定詞 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): 用以表述參考範圍值之含意的代碼；鼓勵使用ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
appliesTo	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的人群 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): 用以指明參考範圍值適用的人群之代碼；可參考ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼代碼表中的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
age	CN	0..1	Range	適用的年齡範圍值，如果相關。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children rng-2: If present, low SHALL have a lower value than high
text		0..1	string	檢驗檢查中以文字表述的參考範圍值 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
hasMember	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	屬於此組檢驗檢查的相關Resource ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
derivedFrom	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	檢驗檢查源自哪些相關測量 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
component	SΣN	0..*	BackboneElement	組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
modifierExtension	?!ΣN	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code	SΣN	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考生命體徵值集代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]	SΣN	0..1		組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元。；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SCN	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	為什麼缺少組成之檢驗檢查結果 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼指明為什麼結果（Observation.value[x]）缺少；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
interpretation	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等。 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 用以指明檢驗檢查的解釋之代碼。應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	解釋此組成之檢驗驗查的結果值之指引
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet	URI
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages from the FHIR Standard Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code	example	TWVitalSigns https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw
Observation.value[x]	preferred	VitalSignsUnits http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common from the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	TWVitalSigns https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw
Observation.component.value[x]	preferred	VitalSignsUnits http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
qty-3	error	Observation.referenceRange.low, Observation.referenceRange.high	If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present : code.empty() or system.exists()
ref-1	error	Observation.basedOn, Observation.partOf, Observation.subject, Observation.focus, Observation.encounter, Observation.performer, Observation.specimen, Observation.device, Observation.hasMember, Observation.derivedFrom	SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided : reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids'))
rng-2	error	Observation.referenceRange.age	If present, low SHALL have a lower value than high : low.empty() or high.empty() or (low <= high)
sqty-1	error	Observation.referenceRange.low, Observation.referenceRange.high	The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity : comparator.empty()

This structure is derived from Observation

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation			Observation	檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。
id				不重複的ID用以識別儲存在特定FHIR Server中的Observation紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性ID。
meta				此Observation Resource的metadata
implicitRules				創建此內容所依據的一組規則
language				用以表述Observation Resource內容的語言 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (preferred): 人類語言；鼓勵使用CommonLanguages代碼表中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 Example Value: zh-TW
text	S			Observation Resource之內容摘要以供人閱讀
contained				內嵌的（contained）、行內的Resources
identifier				檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。
basedOn			Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	依據的照護計畫／提議／醫令
partOf			Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分
status				registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding Description (No ValueSet): (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入ObservationStatus代碼表中的其中一個代碼。
category			CodeableConceptTW	檢驗檢查分類 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用ObservationCategoryCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。
coding		1..
id
system		1..
code		1..
code			CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 應填入生命體徵值集代碼表中的其中一個代碼。
subject		1..	Reference(TW Core Patient)	檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物
focus				當檢驗檢查並非有關於與病人本身，檢驗檢查是關於什麼。
encounter			Reference(TW Core Encounter)	檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的
effective[x]				檢驗檢查執行日期或時間區間
issued				此版本檢驗檢查完成的日期或時間
performer	S		Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | PractitionerRole | CareTeam)	誰負責這項檢驗檢查
value[x]	S			檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
dataAbsentReason	S		CodeableConceptTW	缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
interpretation			CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (extensible): 代碼指明檢驗檢查結果的解釋；應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
note				關於此檢驗檢查之解說
bodySite			CodeableConceptTW	接受檢驗檢查的身體部位。此為SNOMED CT代碼，若機構已有購買相關授權，亦可使用。 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (example): 代碼說明解剖學位置，可能包含側邊；可參考SNOMEDCTBodyStructures代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
method			CodeableConceptTW	此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (example): 檢驗檢查的方法；可參考ObservationMethods代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
specimen				此檢驗檢查的檢體
device				（測量）設備
referenceRange				解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。
id				唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
low				參考範圍值的下限值，如果相關。
high				參考範圍值的上限值，如果相關。
type			CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的限定詞 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (preferred): 用以表述參考範圍值之含意的代碼；鼓勵使用ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。
appliesTo			CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的人群 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (example): 用以指明參考範圍值適用的人群之代碼；可參考ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼代碼表中的代碼。
age				適用的年齡範圍值，如果相關。
text				檢驗檢查中以文字表述的參考範圍值
hasMember				屬於此組檢驗檢查的相關Resource
derivedFrom				檢驗檢查源自哪些相關測量
component	S			組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果
id				唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
code	S		CodeableConceptTW	組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考生命體徵值集代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
value[x]	S			組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元。；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
dataAbsentReason	S		CodeableConceptTW	為什麼缺少組成之檢驗檢查結果 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (extensible): 代碼指明為什麼結果（Observation.value[x]）缺少；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
interpretation			CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等。 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (extensible): 用以指明檢驗檢查的解釋之代碼。應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
referenceRange				解釋此組成之檢驗驗查的結果值之指引
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Conformance	ValueSet	URI
Observation.language	preferred
Observation.status	required
Observation.category	preferred
Observation.code	example	TWVitalSigns https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw
Observation.value[x]	preferred	VitalSignsUnits http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common from the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible
Observation.interpretation	extensible
Observation.bodySite	example
Observation.method	example
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example
Observation.component.code	example	TWVitalSigns https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw
Observation.component.value[x]	preferred	VitalSignsUnits http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。 obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present
id	Σ	0..1	string	不重複的ID用以識別儲存在特定FHIR Server中的Observation紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性ID。
meta	ΣN	0..1	Meta	此Observation Resource的metadata
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	創建此內容所依據的一組規則
language		0..1	code	用以表述Observation Resource內容的語言 Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): 人類語言；鼓勵使用CommonLanguages代碼表中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding Example Value: zh-TW
text	SN	0..1	Narrative	Observation Resource之內容摘要以供人閱讀
contained		0..*	Resource	內嵌的（contained）、行內的Resources
extension	N	0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!N	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
identifier	ΣN	0..*	Identifier	檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。
basedOn	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	依據的照護計畫／提議／醫令 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
partOf	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入ObservationStatus代碼表中的其中一個代碼。
category	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	檢驗檢查分類 Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用ObservationCategoryCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension	N	0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣN	1..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension	N	0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法
code	ΣN	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 應填入生命體徵值集代碼表中的其中一個代碼。
subject	ΣCN	1..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
focus	ΣCTU	0..*	Reference(Resource)	當檢驗檢查並非有關於與病人本身，檢驗檢查是關於什麼。 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
encounter	ΣCN	0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
effective[x]	ΣN	0..1		檢驗檢查執行日期或時間區間
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	此版本檢驗檢查完成的日期或時間
performer	SΣCN	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | PractitionerRole | CareTeam)	誰負責這項檢驗檢查 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
value[x]	SΣCN	0..1		檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SCN	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
interpretation	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 代碼指明檢驗檢查結果的解釋；應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
note	N	0..*	Annotation	關於此檢驗檢查之解說
bodySite	N	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	接受檢驗檢查的身體部位。此為SNOMED CT代碼，若機構已有購買相關授權，亦可使用。 Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): 代碼說明解剖學位置，可能包含側邊；可參考SNOMEDCTBodyStructures代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
method	N	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成 Binding: ObservationMethods (example): 檢驗檢查的方法；可參考ObservationMethods代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
specimen	CN	0..1	Reference(Specimen)	此檢驗檢查的檢體 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
device	CN	0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	（測量）設備 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
referenceRange	CN	0..*	BackboneElement	解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。 obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension	N	0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!ΣN	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	CN	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考範圍值的下限值，如果相關。 qty-3: If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present sqty-1: The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension	N	0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
unit	Σ	0..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form
code	Σ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
high	CN	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考範圍值的上限值，如果相關。 qty-3: If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present sqty-1: The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension	N	0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
unit	Σ	0..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form
code	Σ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
type	N	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的限定詞 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): 用以表述參考範圍值之含意的代碼；鼓勵使用ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。
appliesTo	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的人群 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): 用以指明參考範圍值適用的人群之代碼；可參考ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼代碼表中的代碼。
age	CN	0..1	Range	適用的年齡範圍值，如果相關。 rng-2: If present, low SHALL have a lower value than high
text		0..1	string	檢驗檢查中以文字表述的參考範圍值
hasMember	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	屬於此組檢驗檢查的相關Resource ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
derivedFrom	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	檢驗檢查源自哪些相關測量 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
component	SΣN	0..*	BackboneElement	組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension	N	0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!ΣN	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣN	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考生命體徵值集代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
value[x]	SΣN	0..1		組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元。；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SCN	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	為什麼缺少組成之檢驗檢查結果 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼指明為什麼結果（Observation.value[x]）缺少；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
interpretation	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等。 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 用以指明檢驗檢查的解釋之代碼。應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	解釋此組成之檢驗驗查的結果值之指引
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet	URI
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages from the FHIR Standard Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code	example	TWVitalSigns https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw
Observation.value[x]	preferred	VitalSignsUnits http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common from the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	TWVitalSigns https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw
Observation.component.value[x]	preferred	VitalSignsUnits http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
qty-3	error	Observation.referenceRange.low, Observation.referenceRange.high	If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present : code.empty() or system.exists()
ref-1	error	Observation.basedOn, Observation.partOf, Observation.subject, Observation.focus, Observation.encounter, Observation.performer, Observation.specimen, Observation.device, Observation.hasMember, Observation.derivedFrom	SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided : reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids'))
rng-2	error	Observation.referenceRange.age	If present, low SHALL have a lower value than high : low.empty() or high.empty() or (low <= high)
sqty-1	error	Observation.referenceRange.low, Observation.referenceRange.high	The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity : comparator.empty()

This structure is derived from Observation

Summary

Mandatory: 0 element(4 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 8 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• TW Core MedicationRequest (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/MedicationRequest-twcore)
• TW Core Procedure (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Procedure-twcore)
• TW CodeableConcept (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw)
• TW Core Patient (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Patient-twcore)
• TW Core Encounter (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Encounter-twcore)
• TW Core Practitioner (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Practitioner-twcore)
• TW Core Organization (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Organization-twcore)

Key Elements View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。 dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present
id	Σ	0..1	string	不重複的ID用以識別儲存在特定FHIR Server中的Observation紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性ID。
meta	ΣN	0..1	Meta	此Observation Resource的metadata ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	創建此內容所依據的一組規則 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
language		0..1	code	用以表述Observation Resource內容的語言 Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): 人類語言；鼓勵使用CommonLanguages代碼表中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Example Value: zh-TW
text	SN	0..1	Narrative	Observation Resource之內容摘要以供人閱讀 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
contained		0..*	Resource	內嵌的（contained）、行內的Resources
modifierExtension	?!N	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
identifier	ΣN	0..*	Identifier	檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
basedOn	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	依據的照護計畫／提議／醫令 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
partOf	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入ObservationStatus代碼表中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
category	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	檢驗檢查分類 Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用ObservationCategoryCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding	SΣN	1..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code	ΣN	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 應填入生命體徵值集代碼表中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
subject	ΣCN	1..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
focus	ΣCTU	0..*	Reference(Resource)	當檢驗檢查並非有關於與病人本身，檢驗檢查是關於什麼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
encounter	ΣCN	0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
effective[x]	ΣN	0..1		檢驗檢查執行日期或時間區間 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	此版本檢驗檢查完成的日期或時間 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
performer	SΣCN	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | PractitionerRole | CareTeam)	誰負責這項檢驗檢查 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
value[x]	SΣCN	0..1		檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SCN	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
interpretation	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 代碼指明檢驗檢查結果的解釋；應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
note	N	0..*	Annotation	關於此檢驗檢查之解說 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
bodySite	N	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	接受檢驗檢查的身體部位。此為SNOMED CT代碼，若機構已有購買相關授權，亦可使用。 Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): 代碼說明解剖學位置，可能包含側邊；可參考SNOMEDCTBodyStructures代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
method	N	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成 Binding: ObservationMethods (example): 檢驗檢查的方法；可參考ObservationMethods代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
specimen	CN	0..1	Reference(Specimen)	此檢驗檢查的檢體 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
device	CN	0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	（測量）設備 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
referenceRange	CN	0..*	BackboneElement	解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
modifierExtension	?!ΣN	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
low	CN	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考範圍值的下限值，如果相關。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children qty-3: If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present sqty-1: The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
high	CN	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考範圍值的上限值，如果相關。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children qty-3: If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present sqty-1: The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
type	N	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的限定詞 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): 用以表述參考範圍值之含意的代碼；鼓勵使用ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
appliesTo	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的人群 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): 用以指明參考範圍值適用的人群之代碼；可參考ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼代碼表中的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
age	CN	0..1	Range	適用的年齡範圍值，如果相關。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children rng-2: If present, low SHALL have a lower value than high
text		0..1	string	檢驗檢查中以文字表述的參考範圍值 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
hasMember	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	屬於此組檢驗檢查的相關Resource ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
derivedFrom	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	檢驗檢查源自哪些相關測量 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
component	SΣN	0..*	BackboneElement	組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
modifierExtension	?!ΣN	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code	SΣN	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考生命體徵值集代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]	SΣN	0..1		組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元。；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SCN	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	為什麼缺少組成之檢驗檢查結果 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼指明為什麼結果（Observation.value[x]）缺少；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
interpretation	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等。 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 用以指明檢驗檢查的解釋之代碼。應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	解釋此組成之檢驗驗查的結果值之指引
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet	URI
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages from the FHIR Standard Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code	example	TWVitalSigns https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw
Observation.value[x]	preferred	VitalSignsUnits http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common from the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	TWVitalSigns https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw
Observation.component.value[x]	preferred	VitalSignsUnits http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
qty-3	error	Observation.referenceRange.low, Observation.referenceRange.high	If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present : code.empty() or system.exists()
ref-1	error	Observation.basedOn, Observation.partOf, Observation.subject, Observation.focus, Observation.encounter, Observation.performer, Observation.specimen, Observation.device, Observation.hasMember, Observation.derivedFrom	SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided : reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids'))
rng-2	error	Observation.referenceRange.age	If present, low SHALL have a lower value than high : low.empty() or high.empty() or (low <= high)
sqty-1	error	Observation.referenceRange.low, Observation.referenceRange.high	The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity : comparator.empty()

Differential View

This structure is derived from Observation

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation			Observation	檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。
id				不重複的ID用以識別儲存在特定FHIR Server中的Observation紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性ID。
meta				此Observation Resource的metadata
implicitRules				創建此內容所依據的一組規則
language				用以表述Observation Resource內容的語言 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (preferred): 人類語言；鼓勵使用CommonLanguages代碼表中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 Example Value: zh-TW
text	S			Observation Resource之內容摘要以供人閱讀
contained				內嵌的（contained）、行內的Resources
identifier				檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。
basedOn			Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	依據的照護計畫／提議／醫令
partOf			Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分
status				registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding Description (No ValueSet): (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入ObservationStatus代碼表中的其中一個代碼。
category			CodeableConceptTW	檢驗檢查分類 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用ObservationCategoryCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。
coding		1..
id
system		1..
code		1..
code			CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 應填入生命體徵值集代碼表中的其中一個代碼。
subject		1..	Reference(TW Core Patient)	檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物
focus				當檢驗檢查並非有關於與病人本身，檢驗檢查是關於什麼。
encounter			Reference(TW Core Encounter)	檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的
effective[x]				檢驗檢查執行日期或時間區間
issued				此版本檢驗檢查完成的日期或時間
performer	S		Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | PractitionerRole | CareTeam)	誰負責這項檢驗檢查
value[x]	S			檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
dataAbsentReason	S		CodeableConceptTW	缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
interpretation			CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (extensible): 代碼指明檢驗檢查結果的解釋；應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
note				關於此檢驗檢查之解說
bodySite			CodeableConceptTW	接受檢驗檢查的身體部位。此為SNOMED CT代碼，若機構已有購買相關授權，亦可使用。 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (example): 代碼說明解剖學位置，可能包含側邊；可參考SNOMEDCTBodyStructures代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
method			CodeableConceptTW	此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (example): 檢驗檢查的方法；可參考ObservationMethods代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
specimen				此檢驗檢查的檢體
device				（測量）設備
referenceRange				解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。
id				唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
low				參考範圍值的下限值，如果相關。
high				參考範圍值的上限值，如果相關。
type			CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的限定詞 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (preferred): 用以表述參考範圍值之含意的代碼；鼓勵使用ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。
appliesTo			CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的人群 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (example): 用以指明參考範圍值適用的人群之代碼；可參考ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼代碼表中的代碼。
age				適用的年齡範圍值，如果相關。
text				檢驗檢查中以文字表述的參考範圍值
hasMember				屬於此組檢驗檢查的相關Resource
derivedFrom				檢驗檢查源自哪些相關測量
component	S			組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果
id				唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
code	S		CodeableConceptTW	組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考生命體徵值集代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
value[x]	S			組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元。；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
dataAbsentReason	S		CodeableConceptTW	為什麼缺少組成之檢驗檢查結果 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (extensible): 代碼指明為什麼結果（Observation.value[x]）缺少；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
interpretation			CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等。 Binding Description (No ValueSet): (extensible): 用以指明檢驗檢查的解釋之代碼。應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
referenceRange				解釋此組成之檢驗驗查的結果值之指引
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Conformance	ValueSet	URI
Observation.language	preferred
Observation.status	required
Observation.category	preferred
Observation.code	example	TWVitalSigns https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw
Observation.value[x]	preferred	VitalSignsUnits http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common from the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible
Observation.interpretation	extensible
Observation.bodySite	example
Observation.method	example
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example
Observation.component.code	example	TWVitalSigns https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw
Observation.component.value[x]	preferred	VitalSignsUnits http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible

Snapshot View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。 obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present
id	Σ	0..1	string	不重複的ID用以識別儲存在特定FHIR Server中的Observation紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性ID。
meta	ΣN	0..1	Meta	此Observation Resource的metadata
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	創建此內容所依據的一組規則
language		0..1	code	用以表述Observation Resource內容的語言 Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): 人類語言；鼓勵使用CommonLanguages代碼表中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding Example Value: zh-TW
text	SN	0..1	Narrative	Observation Resource之內容摘要以供人閱讀
contained		0..*	Resource	內嵌的（contained）、行內的Resources
extension	N	0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!N	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
identifier	ΣN	0..*	Identifier	檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。
basedOn	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	依據的照護計畫／提議／醫令 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
partOf	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入ObservationStatus代碼表中的其中一個代碼。
category	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	檢驗檢查分類 Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用ObservationCategoryCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension	N	0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣN	1..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension	N	0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法
code	ΣN	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 應填入生命體徵值集代碼表中的其中一個代碼。
subject	ΣCN	1..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
focus	ΣCTU	0..*	Reference(Resource)	當檢驗檢查並非有關於與病人本身，檢驗檢查是關於什麼。 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
encounter	ΣCN	0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
effective[x]	ΣN	0..1		檢驗檢查執行日期或時間區間
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	此版本檢驗檢查完成的日期或時間
performer	SΣCN	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | PractitionerRole | CareTeam)	誰負責這項檢驗檢查 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
value[x]	SΣCN	0..1		檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SCN	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
interpretation	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 代碼指明檢驗檢查結果的解釋；應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
note	N	0..*	Annotation	關於此檢驗檢查之解說
bodySite	N	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	接受檢驗檢查的身體部位。此為SNOMED CT代碼，若機構已有購買相關授權，亦可使用。 Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): 代碼說明解剖學位置，可能包含側邊；可參考SNOMEDCTBodyStructures代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
method	N	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成 Binding: ObservationMethods (example): 檢驗檢查的方法；可參考ObservationMethods代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
specimen	CN	0..1	Reference(Specimen)	此檢驗檢查的檢體 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
device	CN	0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	（測量）設備 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
referenceRange	CN	0..*	BackboneElement	解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。 obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension	N	0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!ΣN	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	CN	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考範圍值的下限值，如果相關。 qty-3: If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present sqty-1: The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension	N	0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
unit	Σ	0..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form
code	Σ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
high	CN	0..1	SimpleQuantity	參考範圍值的上限值，如果相關。 qty-3: If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present sqty-1: The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension	N	0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value	Σ	0..1	decimal	Numerical value (with implicit precision)
unit	Σ	0..1	string	Unit representation
system	ΣC	0..1	uri	System that defines coded unit form
code	Σ	0..1	code	Coded form of the unit
type	N	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的限定詞 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): 用以表述參考範圍值之含意的代碼；鼓勵使用ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。
appliesTo	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	參考範圍值的人群 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): 用以指明參考範圍值適用的人群之代碼；可參考ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼代碼表中的代碼。
age	CN	0..1	Range	適用的年齡範圍值，如果相關。 rng-2: If present, low SHALL have a lower value than high
text		0..1	string	檢驗檢查中以文字表述的參考範圍值
hasMember	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	屬於此組檢驗檢查的相關Resource ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
derivedFrom	ΣCN	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	檢驗檢查源自哪些相關測量 ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
component	SΣN	0..*	BackboneElement	組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension	N	0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
modifierExtension	?!ΣN	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣN	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考生命體徵值集代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
value[x]	SΣN	0..1		組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元。；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	SCN	0..1	CodeableConceptTW	為什麼缺少組成之檢驗檢查結果 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼指明為什麼結果（Observation.value[x]）缺少；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
interpretation	N	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	高、低、正常等。 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 用以指明檢驗檢查的解釋之代碼。應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	解釋此組成之檢驗驗查的結果值之指引
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet	URI
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages from the FHIR Standard Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code	example	TWVitalSigns https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw
Observation.value[x]	preferred	VitalSignsUnits http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common from the FHIR Standard
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	TWVitalSigns https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw
Observation.component.value[x]	preferred	VitalSignsUnits http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
qty-3	error	Observation.referenceRange.low, Observation.referenceRange.high	If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present : code.empty() or system.exists()
ref-1	error	Observation.basedOn, Observation.partOf, Observation.subject, Observation.focus, Observation.encounter, Observation.performer, Observation.specimen, Observation.device, Observation.hasMember, Observation.derivedFrom	SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided : reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids'))
rng-2	error	Observation.referenceRange.age	If present, low SHALL have a lower value than high : low.empty() or high.empty() or (low <= high)
sqty-1	error	Observation.referenceRange.low, Observation.referenceRange.high	The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity : comparator.empty()

This structure is derived from Observation

Summary

Mandatory: 0 element(4 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 8 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• TW Core MedicationRequest (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/MedicationRequest-twcore)
• TW Core Procedure (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Procedure-twcore)
• TW CodeableConcept (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw)
• TW Core Patient (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Patient-twcore)
• TW Core Encounter (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Encounter-twcore)
• TW Core Practitioner (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Practitioner-twcore)
• TW Core Organization (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Organization-twcore)