Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
identifier	S	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
value	S	0..1	string	醫令序。[TOTFA.p13]
status	S	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Fixed Value: final
category	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation
coding	S	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	S	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	S	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p3]
display	S	1..1	string	[醫令類別]
text		0..1	string	[醫令類別]
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type)
coding	S	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	S	1..1	uri	健保資料網址,https://loinc.org/,健保資料網址
code	S	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p4,11503-0,TOTFA.p17]
display	S	1..1	string	[藥品(項目)代號,Medical records,排程檢查(或檢驗)案件]
text		0..1	string	[醫令清單段]
subject	S	1..1	Reference(Patient 門診住院-病患基本資料)	Who and/or what the observation is about
reference	S	1..1	string	患者Resource Link
encounter	S	1..1	Reference(Encounter TOTFA-案件分類)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
reference	S	1..1	string	TOTFA案件分類Resource Link
effective[x]	S	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
start	S	0..1	dateTime	執行時間-起。[TOTFA.p14]
end	S	0..1	dateTime	執行時間-迄。[TOTFA.p15]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
text	S	1..1	markdown	[TOTFA.p10,TOTFA.p2]
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part
coding	S	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	S	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	S	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p6]
display	S	1..1	string	[診療之部位]
text		0..1	string	[診療之部位]
Documentation for this format

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	SΣ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
value	SΣ	0..1	string	醫令序。[TOTFA.p13] Example General: 123456
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
category	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p3]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[醫令類別]
text	Σ	0..1	string	[醫令類別]
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址,https://loinc.org/,健保資料網址
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p4,11503-0,TOTFA.p17]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[藥品(項目)代號,Medical records,排程檢查(或檢驗)案件]
text	Σ	0..1	string	[醫令清單段]
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient 門診住院-病患基本資料)	Who and/or what the observation is about
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	患者Resource Link
encounter	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Encounter TOTFA-案件分類)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	TOTFA案件分類Resource Link
effective[x]	SΣ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
start	SΣC	0..1	dateTime	執行時間-起。[TOTFA.p14]
end	SΣC	0..1	dateTime	執行時間-迄。[TOTFA.p15]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
text	SΣ	1..1	markdown	[TOTFA.p10,TOTFA.p2]
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p6]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[診療之部位]
text	Σ	0..1	string	[診療之部位]
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.identifier.use	required	IdentifierUse
Observation.status	required	Fixed Value: final
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	SΣ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
type	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	Description of identifier Binding: Identifier Type Codes (extensible): A coded type for an identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.
system	Σ	0..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value Example General: http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
value	SΣ	0..1	string	醫令序。[TOTFA.p13] Example General: 123456
period	Σ	0..1	Period	Time period when id is/was valid for use
assigner	Σ	0..1	Reference(Organization)	Organization that issued id (may be just text)
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
category	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p3]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[醫令類別]
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	[醫令類別]
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址,https://loinc.org/,健保資料網址
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p4,11503-0,TOTFA.p17]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[藥品(項目)代號,Medical records,排程檢查(或檢驗)案件]
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	[醫令清單段]
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient 門診住院-病患基本資料)	Who and/or what the observation is about
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	患者Resource Link
type	Σ	0..1	uri	Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display	Σ	0..1	string	Text alternative for the resource
focus	ΣTU	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Encounter TOTFA-案件分類)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	TOTFA案件分類Resource Link
type	Σ	0..1	uri	Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display	Σ	0..1	string	Text alternative for the resource
effective[x]	SΣ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
start	SΣC	0..1	dateTime	執行時間-起。[TOTFA.p14]
end	SΣC	0..1	dateTime	執行時間-迄。[TOTFA.p15]
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	ΣC	0..1		Actual result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note	S	0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
author[x]	Σ	0..1		Individual responsible for the annotation
authorReference			Reference(Practitioner | Patient | RelatedPerson | Organization)
authorString			string
time	Σ	0..1	dateTime	When the annotation was made
text	SΣ	1..1	markdown	[TOTFA.p10,TOTFA.p2]
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p6]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[診療之部位]
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	[診療之部位]
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
component	Σ	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.identifier.use	required	IdentifierUse
Observation.identifier.type	extensible	Identifier Type Codes
Observation.status	required	Fixed Value: final
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.subject.type	extensible	ResourceType
Observation.encounter.type	extensible	ResourceType
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()

Summary

Mandatory: 4 elements (9 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 27 elements
Fixed Value: 1 element

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• Patient 門診住院-病患基本資料 (https://standard-interoperability-lab.com/fhir/StructureDefinition/PatientTOTFAB)
• Encounter TOTFA-案件分類 (https://standard-interoperability-lab.com/fhir/StructureDefinition/EncounterTOTFAd1)

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
identifier	S	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
value	S	0..1	string	醫令序。[TOTFA.p13]
status	S	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Fixed Value: final
category	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation
coding	S	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	S	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	S	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p3]
display	S	1..1	string	[醫令類別]
text		0..1	string	[醫令類別]
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type)
coding	S	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	S	1..1	uri	健保資料網址,https://loinc.org/,健保資料網址
code	S	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p4,11503-0,TOTFA.p17]
display	S	1..1	string	[藥品(項目)代號,Medical records,排程檢查(或檢驗)案件]
text		0..1	string	[醫令清單段]
subject	S	1..1	Reference(Patient 門診住院-病患基本資料)	Who and/or what the observation is about
reference	S	1..1	string	患者Resource Link
encounter	S	1..1	Reference(Encounter TOTFA-案件分類)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
reference	S	1..1	string	TOTFA案件分類Resource Link
effective[x]	S	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
start	S	0..1	dateTime	執行時間-起。[TOTFA.p14]
end	S	0..1	dateTime	執行時間-迄。[TOTFA.p15]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
text	S	1..1	markdown	[TOTFA.p10,TOTFA.p2]
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part
coding	S	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	S	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	S	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p6]
display	S	1..1	string	[診療之部位]
text		0..1	string	[診療之部位]
Documentation for this format

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	SΣ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
value	SΣ	0..1	string	醫令序。[TOTFA.p13] Example General: 123456
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
category	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p3]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[醫令類別]
text	Σ	0..1	string	[醫令類別]
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址,https://loinc.org/,健保資料網址
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p4,11503-0,TOTFA.p17]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[藥品(項目)代號,Medical records,排程檢查(或檢驗)案件]
text	Σ	0..1	string	[醫令清單段]
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient 門診住院-病患基本資料)	Who and/or what the observation is about
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	患者Resource Link
encounter	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Encounter TOTFA-案件分類)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	TOTFA案件分類Resource Link
effective[x]	SΣ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
start	SΣC	0..1	dateTime	執行時間-起。[TOTFA.p14]
end	SΣC	0..1	dateTime	執行時間-迄。[TOTFA.p15]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
text	SΣ	1..1	markdown	[TOTFA.p10,TOTFA.p2]
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p6]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[診療之部位]
text	Σ	0..1	string	[診療之部位]
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.identifier.use	required	IdentifierUse
Observation.status	required	Fixed Value: final
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	SΣ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
type	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	Description of identifier Binding: Identifier Type Codes (extensible): A coded type for an identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.
system	Σ	0..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value Example General: http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
value	SΣ	0..1	string	醫令序。[TOTFA.p13] Example General: 123456
period	Σ	0..1	Period	Time period when id is/was valid for use
assigner	Σ	0..1	Reference(Organization)	Organization that issued id (may be just text)
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
category	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p3]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[醫令類別]
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	[醫令類別]
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址,https://loinc.org/,健保資料網址
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p4,11503-0,TOTFA.p17]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[藥品(項目)代號,Medical records,排程檢查(或檢驗)案件]
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	[醫令清單段]
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient 門診住院-病患基本資料)	Who and/or what the observation is about
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	患者Resource Link
type	Σ	0..1	uri	Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display	Σ	0..1	string	Text alternative for the resource
focus	ΣTU	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Encounter TOTFA-案件分類)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	TOTFA案件分類Resource Link
type	Σ	0..1	uri	Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display	Σ	0..1	string	Text alternative for the resource
effective[x]	SΣ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
start	SΣC	0..1	dateTime	執行時間-起。[TOTFA.p14]
end	SΣC	0..1	dateTime	執行時間-迄。[TOTFA.p15]
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	ΣC	0..1		Actual result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note	S	0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
author[x]	Σ	0..1		Individual responsible for the annotation
authorReference			Reference(Practitioner | Patient | RelatedPerson | Organization)
authorString			string
time	Σ	0..1	dateTime	When the annotation was made
text	SΣ	1..1	markdown	[TOTFA.p10,TOTFA.p2]
bodySite	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[TOTFA.p6]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[診療之部位]
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	[診療之部位]
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
component	Σ	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.identifier.use	required	IdentifierUse
Observation.identifier.type	extensible	Identifier Type Codes
Observation.status	required	Fixed Value: final
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.subject.type	extensible	ResourceType
Observation.encounter.type	extensible	ResourceType
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()

Summary

Mandatory: 4 elements (9 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 27 elements
Fixed Value: 1 element

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• Patient 門診住院-病患基本資料 (https://standard-interoperability-lab.com/fhir/StructureDefinition/PatientTOTFAB)
• Encounter TOTFA-案件分類 (https://standard-interoperability-lab.com/fhir/StructureDefinition/EncounterTOTFAd1)