Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
identifier	S	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
value	S	0..1	string	報告序號。[LABM.r1]
partOf	S	1..*	Reference(Procedure LABD、LABM-檢體採檢方法/來源/類別)	Part of referenced event
reference	S	1..1	string	LABM檢體採檢方法/來源/類別Resource Link
status	S	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Fixed Value: final
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type)
coding	S	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	S	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	S	1..1	code	[LABM.r2]
display	S	1..1	string	[檢驗項目名稱]
text		0..1	string	[檢驗項目名稱]
subject	S	1..1	Reference(Patient LABD、LABM-病患基本資料)	Who and/or what the observation is about
reference	S	1..1	string	患者Resource Link
encounter	S	1..1	Reference(Encounter LABM-報告類別)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
reference	S	1..1	string	LABM報告類別Resource Link
value[x]	S	1..1	string	檢驗報告結果值。[LABM.r4]
interpretation	S	3..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc.
coding	S	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	S	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	S	1..1	code	[LABM.r7,LABM.r8-1,LABM.r12]
display	S	1..1	string	[報告結果,病理發現及診斷,檢驗（查）結果值註記]
text		0..1	string	[報告結果,病理發現及診斷,檢驗（查）結果值註記]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
text	S	1..1	markdown	單位。[LABM.r5]
method	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done
coding	S	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	S	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	S	1..1	code	[LABM.r3]
display	S	1..1	string	[檢驗方法]
text		0..1	string	[檢驗方法]
referenceRange	S	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
text	S	0..1	string	參考值下限/上限。[LABM.r6-1/LABM.r6-2]
Documentation for this format

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	SΣ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
value	SΣ	0..1	string	報告序號。[LABM.r1] Example General: 123456
partOf	SΣ	1..*	Reference(Procedure LABD、LABM-檢體採檢方法/來源/類別)	Part of referenced event
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	LABM檢體採檢方法/來源/類別Resource Link
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[LABM.r2]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[檢驗項目名稱]
text	Σ	0..1	string	[檢驗項目名稱]
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient LABD、LABM-病患基本資料)	Who and/or what the observation is about
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	患者Resource Link
encounter	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Encounter LABM-報告類別)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	LABM報告類別Resource Link
value[x]	SΣC	1..1	string	檢驗報告結果值。[LABM.r4]
interpretation	S	3..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[LABM.r7,LABM.r8-1,LABM.r12]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[報告結果,病理發現及診斷,檢驗（查）結果值註記]
text	Σ	0..1	string	[報告結果,病理發現及診斷,檢驗（查）結果值註記]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
text	SΣ	1..1	markdown	單位。[LABM.r5]
method	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[LABM.r3]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[檢驗方法]
text	Σ	0..1	string	[檢驗方法]
referenceRange	SC	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
text	S	0..1	string	參考值下限/上限。[LABM.r6-1/LABM.r6-2]
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.identifier.use	required	IdentifierUse
Observation.status	required	Fixed Value: final
Observation.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	SΣ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
type	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	Description of identifier Binding: Identifier Type Codes (extensible): A coded type for an identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.
system	Σ	0..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value Example General: http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
value	SΣ	0..1	string	報告序號。[LABM.r1] Example General: 123456
period	Σ	0..1	Period	Time period when id is/was valid for use
assigner	Σ	0..1	Reference(Organization)	Organization that issued id (may be just text)
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	SΣ	1..*	Reference(Procedure LABD、LABM-檢體採檢方法/來源/類別)	Part of referenced event
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	LABM檢體採檢方法/來源/類別Resource Link
type	Σ	0..1	uri	Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display	Σ	0..1	string	Text alternative for the resource
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
category		0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[LABM.r2]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[檢驗項目名稱]
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	[檢驗項目名稱]
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient LABD、LABM-病患基本資料)	Who and/or what the observation is about
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	患者Resource Link
type	Σ	0..1	uri	Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display	Σ	0..1	string	Text alternative for the resource
focus	ΣTU	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Encounter LABM-報告類別)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	LABM報告類別Resource Link
type	Σ	0..1	uri	Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display	Σ	0..1	string	Text alternative for the resource
effective[x]	Σ	0..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	SΣC	1..1	string	檢驗報告結果值。[LABM.r4]
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation	S	3..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[LABM.r7,LABM.r8-1,LABM.r12]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[報告結果,病理發現及診斷,檢驗（查）結果值註記]
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	[報告結果,病理發現及診斷,檢驗（查）結果值註記]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
author[x]	Σ	0..1		Individual responsible for the annotation
authorReference			Reference(Practitioner | Patient | RelatedPerson | Organization)
authorString			string
time	Σ	0..1	dateTime	When the annotation was made
text	SΣ	1..1	markdown	單位。[LABM.r5]
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[LABM.r3]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[檢驗方法]
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	[檢驗方法]
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	SC	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text	S	0..1	string	參考值下限/上限。[LABM.r6-1/LABM.r6-2]
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
component	Σ	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.identifier.use	required	IdentifierUse
Observation.identifier.type	extensible	Identifier Type Codes
Observation.partOf.type	extensible	ResourceType
Observation.status	required	Fixed Value: final
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.subject.type	extensible	ResourceType
Observation.encounter.type	extensible	ResourceType
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()

Summary

Mandatory: 8 elements (9 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 29 elements
Fixed Value: 1 element

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• Procedure LABD、LABM-檢體採檢方法/來源/類別 (https://standard-interoperability-lab.com/fhir/StructureDefinition/ProcedureLABDM)
• Patient LABD、LABM-病患基本資料 (https://standard-interoperability-lab.com/fhir/StructureDefinition/PatientLABDM)
• Encounter LABM-報告類別 (https://standard-interoperability-lab.com/fhir/StructureDefinition/EncounterLABM)

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
identifier	S	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
value	S	0..1	string	報告序號。[LABM.r1]
partOf	S	1..*	Reference(Procedure LABD、LABM-檢體採檢方法/來源/類別)	Part of referenced event
reference	S	1..1	string	LABM檢體採檢方法/來源/類別Resource Link
status	S	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Fixed Value: final
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type)
coding	S	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	S	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	S	1..1	code	[LABM.r2]
display	S	1..1	string	[檢驗項目名稱]
text		0..1	string	[檢驗項目名稱]
subject	S	1..1	Reference(Patient LABD、LABM-病患基本資料)	Who and/or what the observation is about
reference	S	1..1	string	患者Resource Link
encounter	S	1..1	Reference(Encounter LABM-報告類別)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
reference	S	1..1	string	LABM報告類別Resource Link
value[x]	S	1..1	string	檢驗報告結果值。[LABM.r4]
interpretation	S	3..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc.
coding	S	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	S	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	S	1..1	code	[LABM.r7,LABM.r8-1,LABM.r12]
display	S	1..1	string	[報告結果,病理發現及診斷,檢驗（查）結果值註記]
text		0..1	string	[報告結果,病理發現及診斷,檢驗（查）結果值註記]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
text	S	1..1	markdown	單位。[LABM.r5]
method	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done
coding	S	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	S	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	S	1..1	code	[LABM.r3]
display	S	1..1	string	[檢驗方法]
text		0..1	string	[檢驗方法]
referenceRange	S	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
text	S	0..1	string	參考值下限/上限。[LABM.r6-1/LABM.r6-2]
Documentation for this format

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	SΣ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
value	SΣ	0..1	string	報告序號。[LABM.r1] Example General: 123456
partOf	SΣ	1..*	Reference(Procedure LABD、LABM-檢體採檢方法/來源/類別)	Part of referenced event
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	LABM檢體採檢方法/來源/類別Resource Link
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[LABM.r2]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[檢驗項目名稱]
text	Σ	0..1	string	[檢驗項目名稱]
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient LABD、LABM-病患基本資料)	Who and/or what the observation is about
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	患者Resource Link
encounter	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Encounter LABM-報告類別)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	LABM報告類別Resource Link
value[x]	SΣC	1..1	string	檢驗報告結果值。[LABM.r4]
interpretation	S	3..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[LABM.r7,LABM.r8-1,LABM.r12]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[報告結果,病理發現及診斷,檢驗（查）結果值註記]
text	Σ	0..1	string	[報告結果,病理發現及診斷,檢驗（查）結果值註記]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
text	SΣ	1..1	markdown	單位。[LABM.r5]
method	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[LABM.r3]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[檢驗方法]
text	Σ	0..1	string	[檢驗方法]
referenceRange	SC	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
text	S	0..1	string	參考值下限/上限。[LABM.r6-1/LABM.r6-2]
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.identifier.use	required	IdentifierUse
Observation.status	required	Fixed Value: final
Observation.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	SΣ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
use	?!Σ	0..1	code	usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
type	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	Description of identifier Binding: Identifier Type Codes (extensible): A coded type for an identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.
system	Σ	0..1	uri	The namespace for the identifier value Example General: http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
value	SΣ	0..1	string	報告序號。[LABM.r1] Example General: 123456
period	Σ	0..1	Period	Time period when id is/was valid for use
assigner	Σ	0..1	Reference(Organization)	Organization that issued id (may be just text)
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	SΣ	1..*	Reference(Procedure LABD、LABM-檢體採檢方法/來源/類別)	Part of referenced event
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	LABM檢體採檢方法/來源/類別Resource Link
type	Σ	0..1	uri	Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display	Σ	0..1	string	Text alternative for the resource
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. Fixed Value: final
category		0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[LABM.r2]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[檢驗項目名稱]
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	[檢驗項目名稱]
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Patient LABD、LABM-病患基本資料)	Who and/or what the observation is about
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	患者Resource Link
type	Σ	0..1	uri	Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display	Σ	0..1	string	Text alternative for the resource
focus	ΣTU	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	SΣ	1..1	Reference(Encounter LABM-報告類別)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference	SΣC	1..1	string	LABM報告類別Resource Link
type	Σ	0..1	uri	Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier	Σ	0..1	Identifier	Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display	Σ	0..1	string	Text alternative for the resource
effective[x]	Σ	0..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	SΣC	1..1	string	檢驗報告結果值。[LABM.r4]
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation	S	3..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[LABM.r7,LABM.r8-1,LABM.r12]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[報告結果,病理發現及診斷,檢驗（查）結果值註記]
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	[報告結果,病理發現及診斷,檢驗（查）結果值註記]
note	S	0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
author[x]	Σ	0..1		Individual responsible for the annotation
authorReference			Reference(Practitioner | Patient | RelatedPerson | Organization)
authorString			string
time	Σ	0..1	dateTime	When the annotation was made
text	SΣ	1..1	markdown	單位。[LABM.r5]
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	SΣ	0..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	1..1	uri	健保資料網址
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	SΣ	1..1	code	[LABM.r3]
display	SΣ	1..1	string	[檢驗方法]
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	[檢驗方法]
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	SC	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text	S	0..1	string	參考值下限/上限。[LABM.r6-1/LABM.r6-2]
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
component	Σ	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.identifier.use	required	IdentifierUse
Observation.identifier.type	extensible	Identifier Type Codes
Observation.partOf.type	extensible	ResourceType
Observation.status	required	Fixed Value: final
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.subject.type	extensible	ResourceType
Observation.encounter.type	extensible	ResourceType
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()

Summary

Mandatory: 8 elements (9 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 29 elements
Fixed Value: 1 element

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• Procedure LABD、LABM-檢體採檢方法/來源/類別 (https://standard-interoperability-lab.com/fhir/StructureDefinition/ProcedureLABDM)
• Patient LABD、LABM-病患基本資料 (https://standard-interoperability-lab.com/fhir/StructureDefinition/PatientLABDM)
• Encounter LABM-報告類別 (https://standard-interoperability-lab.com/fhir/StructureDefinition/EncounterLABM)