國家級人體生物資料庫整合平台共同資料模式實作指引(NBCT Common Data Model IG)
1.0.0 - ci-build

This page is part of the 國家級人體生物資料庫整合平台共同資料模式實作指引(NBCT Common Data Model IG) (v1.0.0: Release) based on FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) R4. This is the current published version in its permanent home (it will always be available at this URL). For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: PatientCRLF - Detailed Descriptions

Active as of 2024-09-01

Definitions for the PatientCRLF resource profile.

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

0. Patient
Definition

Demographics and other administrative information about an individual or animal receiving care or other health-related services.

ShortInformation about an individual or animal receiving health care services
Control0..*
Is Modifierfalse
Alternate NamesSubjectOfCare Client Resident
Invariantsdom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty())
dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists())
dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty())
2. Patient.implicitRules
Definition

A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

ShortA set of rules under which this content was created
Comments

Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

Control0..1
This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
Typeuri
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
4. Patient.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control10..*
This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Patient.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • value @ url
  • 6. Patient.extension:cRLFdlast
    Slice NamecRLFdlast
    Definition

    Optional Extension Element - found in all resources.

    Short最後聯絡或死亡日期
    Comments

    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

    Control1..1
    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
    TypeExtension(Extension CRLF-最後聯絡或死亡日期) (Extension Type: dateTime)
    Is Modifierfalse
    Must Supporttrue
    Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
    8. Patient.extension:cRLFdlast.url
    Definition

    Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.

    Shortidentifies the meaning of the extension
    Comments

    The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.

    Control1..1
    Typeuri
    Is Modifierfalse
    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
    Fixed Valuehttps://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/StructureDefinition/CRLF-dlast
    10. Patient.extension:cRLFdlast.value[x]
    Definition

    Value of extension - must be one of a constrained set of the data types (see Extensibility for a list).


    Value of extension - must be one of a constrained set of the data types (see Extensibility for a list).

    Short最後聯絡或死亡日期。[CRLF.dlast]Value of extension
    Control10..1
    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
    TypedateTime, date, Meta, Address, Attachment, integer, Count, DataRequirement, Dosage, uuid, Identifier, Coding, SampledData, id, positiveInt, Distance, Period, Duration, canonical, Range, RelatedArtifact, base64Binary, UsageContext, Timing, decimal, CodeableConcept, ParameterDefinition, code, string, Contributor, oid, instant, ContactPoint, HumanName, Money, markdown, Ratio, Age, Reference, TriggerDefinition, Quantity, uri, url, Annotation, ContactDetail, boolean, Expression, Signature, unsignedInt, time
    [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
    Is Modifierfalse
    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
    Must Supporttrue
    Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    12. Patient.modifierExtension
    Definition

    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

    Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

    ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored
    Comments

    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

    Control0..*
    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
    TypeExtension
    Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
    Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
    Requirements

    Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.


    Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Patient.modifierExtension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
    • value @ url
    • 14. Patient.identifier
      Definition

      An identifier for this patient. (LF.id)


      An identifier for this patient.

      Short病人的識別碼(身分證/病歷號)An identifier for this patient
      NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
      Control10..*
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      TypeIdentifier
      Is Modifierfalse
      Must Supporttrue
      Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Patients are almost always assigned specific numerical identifiers.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      16. Patient.identifier.use
      Definition

      The purpose of this identifier.

      Shortusual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known)
      Comments

      Applications can assume that an identifier is permanent unless it explicitly says that it is temporary.

      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from IdentifierUsehttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1
      (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1)

      Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .

      Typecode
      Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary id for a permanent one.
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Allows the appropriate identifier for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of identifiers.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      18. Patient.identifier.system
      Definition

      Establishes the namespace for the value - that is, a URL that describes a set values that are unique.

      ShortThe namespace for the identifier value
      Comments

      Identifier.system is always case sensitive.

      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      Typeuri
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Must Supporttrue
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      There are many sets of identifiers. To perform matching of two identifiers, we need to know what set we're dealing with. The system identifies a particular set of unique identifiers.

      Example<br/><b>General</b>:http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      20. Patient.identifier.value
      Definition

      The portion of the identifier typically relevant to the user and which is unique within the context of the system.

      Short身分證字號。[CRLF.id]The value that is unique
      Comments

      If the value is a full URI, then the system SHALL be urn:ietf:rfc:3986. The value's primary purpose is computational mapping. As a result, it may be normalized for comparison purposes (e.g. removing non-significant whitespace, dashes, etc.) A value formatted for human display can be conveyed using the Rendered Value extension. Identifier.value is to be treated as case sensitive unless knowledge of the Identifier.system allows the processer to be confident that non-case-sensitive processing is safe.


      If the value is a full URI, then the system SHALL be urn:ietf:rfc:3986. The value's primary purpose is computational mapping. As a result, it may be normalized for comparison purposes (e.g. removing non-significant whitespace, dashes, etc.) A value formatted for human display can be conveyed using the Rendered Value extension. Identifier.value is to be treated as case sensitive unless knowledge of the Identifier.system allows the processer to be confident that non-case-sensitive processing is safe.

      Control10..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      Typestring
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Must Supporttrue
      Summarytrue
      Example<br/><b>General</b>:123456
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      22. Patient.active
      Definition

      Whether this patient record is in active use. Many systems use this property to mark as non-current patients, such as those that have not been seen for a period of time based on an organization's business rules.

      It is often used to filter patient lists to exclude inactive patients

      Deceased patients may also be marked as inactive for the same reasons, but may be active for some time after death.

      ShortWhether this patient's record is in active use
      Comments

      If a record is inactive, and linked to an active record, then future patient/record updates should occur on the other patient.

      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      Typeboolean
      Is Modifiertrue because This element is labelled as a modifier because it is a status element that can indicate that a record should not be treated as valid
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Need to be able to mark a patient record as not to be used because it was created in error.

      Meaning if MissingThis resource is generally assumed to be active if no value is provided for the active element
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      24. Patient.gender
      Definition

      Administrative Gender - the gender that the patient is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.

      Short[male | female | other | unknown]。[CRLF.sex]male | female | other | unknown
      Comments

      The gender might not match the biological sex as determined by genetics or the individual's preferred identification. Note that for both humans and particularly animals, there are other legitimate possibilities than male and female, though the vast majority of systems and contexts only support male and female. Systems providing decision support or enforcing business rules should ideally do this on the basis of Observations dealing with the specific sex or gender aspect of interest (anatomical, chromosomal, social, etc.) However, because these observations are infrequently recorded, defaulting to the administrative gender is common practice. Where such defaulting occurs, rule enforcement should allow for the variation between administrative and biological, chromosomal and other gender aspects. For example, an alert about a hysterectomy on a male should be handled as a warning or overridable error, not a "hard" error. See the Patient Gender and Sex section for additional information about communicating patient gender and sex.

      Control10..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AdministrativeGenderhttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|4.0.1
      (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|4.0.1)

      The gender of a person used for administrative purposes.

      Typecode
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Must Supporttrue
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Needed for identification of the individual, in combination with (at least) name and birth date.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      26. Patient.birthDate
      Definition

      The date of birth for the individual.

      Short出生日期。[CRLF.dbirth]The date of birth for the individual
      Comments

      At least an estimated year should be provided as a guess if the real DOB is unknown There is a standard extension "patient-birthTime" available that should be used where Time is required (such as in maternity/infant care systems).

      Control10..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      Typedate
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Must Supporttrue
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Age of the individual drives many clinical processes.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      LOINC Code21112-8
      28. Patient.deceased[x]
      Definition

      Indicates if the individual is deceased or not.

      Short生存狀態。[CRLF.vstatus]Indicates if the individual is deceased or not
      Comments

      If there's no value in the instance, it means there is no statement on whether or not the individual is deceased. Most systems will interpret the absence of a value as a sign of the person being alive.

      Control10..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      Typeboolean, dateTime
      [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
      Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because once a patient is marked as deceased, the actions that are appropriate to perform on the patient may be significantly different.
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Must Supporttrue
      Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      The fact that a patient is deceased influences the clinical process. Also, in human communication and relation management it is necessary to know whether the person is alive.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      30. Patient.address
      Definition

      An address for the individual.

      Short戶籍地址An address for the individual
      Comments

      Patient may have multiple addresses with different uses or applicable periods.

      Control10..*
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      TypeAddress
      Is Modifierfalse
      Must Supporttrue
      Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      May need to keep track of patient addresses for contacting, billing or reporting requirements and also to help with identification.

      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      32. Patient.address.use
      Definition

      The purpose of this address.

      Shorthome | work | temp | old | billing - purpose of this address
      Comments

      Applications can assume that an address is current unless it explicitly says that it is temporary or old.

      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AddressUsehttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/address-use|4.0.1
      (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/address-use|4.0.1)

      The use of an address.

      Typecode
      Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary or old address etc.for a current/permanent one
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Allows an appropriate address to be chosen from a list of many.

      Example<br/><b>General</b>:home
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      34. Patient.address.text
      Definition

      Specifies the entire address as it should be displayed e.g. on a postal label. This may be provided instead of or as well as the specific parts.

      ShortText representation of the address
      Comments

      Can provide both a text representation and parts. Applications updating an address SHALL ensure that when both text and parts are present, no content is included in the text that isn't found in a part.

      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      Typestring
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Must Supporttrue
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      A renderable, unencoded form.

      Example<br/><b>General</b>:137 Nowhere Street, Erewhon 9132
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      36. Patient.address.postalCode
      Definition

      A postal code designating a region defined by the postal service.

      Short戶籍地代碼。[CRLF.resid]Postal code for area
      Comments

      Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

      Control10..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      Typestring
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Must Supporttrue
      Summarytrue
      Alternate NamesZip
      Example<br/><b>General</b>:9132
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      38. Patient.link
      Definition

      Link to another patient resource that concerns the same actual patient.

      ShortLink to another patient resource that concerns the same actual person
      Comments

      There is no assumption that linked patient records have mutual links.

      Control0..*
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      TypeBackboneElement
      Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because it might not be the main Patient resource, and the referenced patient should be used instead of this Patient record. This is when the link.type value is 'replaced-by'
      Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      There are multiple use cases:

      • Duplicate patient records due to the clerical errors associated with the difficulties of identifying humans consistently, and
      • Distribution of patient information across multiple servers.
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      40. Patient.link.modifierExtension
      Definition

      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

      Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

      ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
      Comments

      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

      Control0..*
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      TypeExtension
      Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
      Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
      Summarytrue
      Requirements

      Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.


      Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

      Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
      42. Patient.link.other
      Definition

      The other patient resource that the link refers to.

      ShortThe other patient or related person resource that the link refers to
      Comments

      Referencing a RelatedPerson here removes the need to use a Person record to associate a Patient and RelatedPerson as the same individual.

      Control1..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      TypeReference(Patient, RelatedPerson)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')))
      44. Patient.link.type
      Definition

      The type of link between this patient resource and another patient resource.

      Shortreplaced-by | replaces | refer | seealso
      Comments

      Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

      Control1..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from LinkTypehttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/link-type|4.0.1
      (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/link-type|4.0.1)

      The type of link between this patient resource and another patient resource.

      Typecode
      Is Modifierfalse
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))

      Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

      0. Patient
      2. Patient.extension
      Control1..?
      Must Supporttrue
      4. Patient.extension:cRLFdlast
      Slice NamecRLFdlast
      Control1..1
      TypeExtension(Extension CRLF-最後聯絡或死亡日期) (Extension Type: dateTime)
      Is Modifierfalse
      Must Supporttrue
      6. Patient.extension:cRLFdlast.value[x]
      Control1..?
      [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
      Must Supporttrue
      8. Patient.identifier
      Definition

      An identifier for this patient. (LF.id)

      Short病人的識別碼(身分證/病歷號)
      NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
      Control1..?
      Must Supporttrue
      10. Patient.identifier.system
      Must Supporttrue
      12. Patient.identifier.value
      Short身分證字號。[CRLF.id]
      Control1..?
      Must Supporttrue
      14. Patient.gender
      Short[male | female | other | unknown]。[CRLF.sex]
      Control1..?
      Must Supporttrue
      16. Patient.birthDate
      Short出生日期。[CRLF.dbirth]
      Control1..?
      Must Supporttrue
      18. Patient.deceased[x]
      Short生存狀態。[CRLF.vstatus]
      Control1..?
      Typeboolean
      [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Must Supporttrue
      20. Patient.address
      Short戶籍地址
      Control1..?
      Must Supporttrue
      22. Patient.address.text
      Must Supporttrue
      24. Patient.address.postalCode
      Short戶籍地代碼。[CRLF.resid]
      Control1..?
      Must Supporttrue

      Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

      0. Patient
      Definition

      Demographics and other administrative information about an individual or animal receiving care or other health-related services.

      ShortInformation about an individual or animal receiving health care services
      Control0..*
      Alternate NamesSubjectOfCare Client Resident
      Invariantsdom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty())
      dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
      dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
      dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists())
      dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty())
      2. Patient.id
      Definition

      The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.

      ShortLogical id of this artifact
      Comments

      The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.

      Control0..1
      Typestring
      Summarytrue
      4. Patient.meta
      Definition

      The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.

      ShortMetadata about the resource
      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      TypeMeta
      Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      6. Patient.implicitRules
      Definition

      A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

      ShortA set of rules under which this content was created
      Comments

      Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      Typeuri
      Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Summarytrue
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      8. Patient.language
      Definition

      The base language in which the resource is written.

      ShortLanguage of the resource content
      Comments

      Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).

      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from CommonLanguages
      (preferred to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages)

      A human language.

      Additional BindingsPurpose
      AllLanguagesMax Binding
      Typecode
      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      10. Patient.text
      Definition

      A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.

      ShortText summary of the resource, for human interpretation
      Comments

      Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.

      Control0..1
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      TypeNarrative
      Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
      Alternate Namesnarrative, html, xhtml, display
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      12. Patient.contained
      Definition

      These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.

      ShortContained, inline Resources
      Comments

      This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.

      Control0..*
      TypeResource
      Alternate Namesinline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
      14. Patient.extension
      Definition

      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

      ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
      Comments

      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

      Control1..*
      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
      TypeExtension
      Must Supporttrue
      Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
      Alternate Namesextensions, user content
      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
      SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Patient.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
      • value @ url
      • 16. Patient.extension:cRLFdlast
        Slice NamecRLFdlast
        Definition

        Optional Extension Element - found in all resources.

        Short最後聯絡或死亡日期
        Comments

        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

        Control1..1
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        TypeExtension(Extension CRLF-最後聯絡或死亡日期) (Extension Type: dateTime)
        Is Modifierfalse
        Must Supporttrue
        Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
        Alternate Namesextensions, user content
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
        18. Patient.extension:cRLFdlast.id
        Definition

        Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

        ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
        Control0..1
        Typestring
        XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
        20. Patient.extension:cRLFdlast.extension
        Definition

        May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

        ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
        Comments

        There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

        Control0..*
        This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
        TypeExtension
        Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
        Alternate Namesextensions, user content
        Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
        ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
        SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Patient.extension.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
        • value @ url
        • 22. Patient.extension:cRLFdlast.url
          Definition

          Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.

          Shortidentifies the meaning of the extension
          Comments

          The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.

          Control1..1
          Typeuri
          XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
          Fixed Valuehttps://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/StructureDefinition/CRLF-dlast
          24. Patient.extension:cRLFdlast.value[x]
          Definition

          Value of extension - must be one of a constrained set of the data types (see Extensibility for a list).

          Short最後聯絡或死亡日期。[CRLF.dlast]
          Control1..1
          This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
          TypedateTime
          [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
          Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
          Must Supporttrue
          Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          26. Patient.modifierExtension
          Definition

          May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

          Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

          ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored
          Comments

          There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

          Control0..*
          This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
          TypeExtension
          Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
          Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
          Requirements

          Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

          Alternate Namesextensions, user content
          Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
          ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
          SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Patient.modifierExtension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
          • value @ url
          • 28. Patient.identifier
            Definition

            An identifier for this patient. (LF.id)

            Short病人的識別碼(身分證/病歷號)
            NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
            Control1..*
            This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
            TypeIdentifier
            Must Supporttrue
            Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
            Summarytrue
            Requirements

            Patients are almost always assigned specific numerical identifiers.

            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            30. Patient.identifier.id
            Definition

            Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

            ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
            Control0..1
            Typestring
            XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
            32. Patient.identifier.extension
            Definition

            May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

            ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
            Comments

            There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

            Control0..*
            This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
            TypeExtension
            Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
            Alternate Namesextensions, user content
            Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
            ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
            SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Patient.identifier.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
            • value @ url
            • 34. Patient.identifier.use
              Definition

              The purpose of this identifier.

              Shortusual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known)
              Comments

              Applications can assume that an identifier is permanent unless it explicitly says that it is temporary.

              Control0..1
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from IdentifierUse
              (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1)

              Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .

              Typecode
              Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary id for a permanent one.
              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
              Summarytrue
              Requirements

              Allows the appropriate identifier for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of identifiers.

              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              36. Patient.identifier.type
              Definition

              A coded type for the identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.

              ShortDescription of identifier
              Comments

              This element deals only with general categories of identifiers. It SHOULD not be used for codes that correspond 1..1 with the Identifier.system. Some identifiers may fall into multiple categories due to common usage. Where the system is known, a type is unnecessary because the type is always part of the system definition. However systems often need to handle identifiers where the system is not known. There is not a 1:1 relationship between type and system, since many different systems have the same type.

              Control0..1
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from Identifier Type Codes
              (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-type)

              A coded type for an identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.

              TypeCodeableConcept
              Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
              Summarytrue
              Requirements

              Allows users to make use of identifiers when the identifier system is not known.

              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              38. Patient.identifier.system
              Definition

              Establishes the namespace for the value - that is, a URL that describes a set values that are unique.

              ShortThe namespace for the identifier value
              Comments

              Identifier.system is always case sensitive.

              Control0..1
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              Typeuri
              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
              Must Supporttrue
              Summarytrue
              Requirements

              There are many sets of identifiers. To perform matching of two identifiers, we need to know what set we're dealing with. The system identifies a particular set of unique identifiers.

              Example<br/><b>General</b>:http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              40. Patient.identifier.value
              Definition

              The portion of the identifier typically relevant to the user and which is unique within the context of the system.

              Short身分證字號。[CRLF.id]
              Comments

              If the value is a full URI, then the system SHALL be urn:ietf:rfc:3986. The value's primary purpose is computational mapping. As a result, it may be normalized for comparison purposes (e.g. removing non-significant whitespace, dashes, etc.) A value formatted for human display can be conveyed using the Rendered Value extension. Identifier.value is to be treated as case sensitive unless knowledge of the Identifier.system allows the processer to be confident that non-case-sensitive processing is safe.

              Control1..1
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              Typestring
              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
              Must Supporttrue
              Summarytrue
              Example<br/><b>General</b>:123456
              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              42. Patient.identifier.period
              Definition

              Time period during which identifier is/was valid for use.

              ShortTime period when id is/was valid for use
              Comments

              A Period specifies a range of time; the context of use will specify whether the entire range applies (e.g. "the patient was an inpatient of the hospital for this time range") or one value from the range applies (e.g. "give to the patient between these two times").

              Period is not used for a duration (a measure of elapsed time). See Duration.

              Control0..1
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              TypePeriod
              Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
              Summarytrue
              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              per-1: If present, start SHALL have a lower value than end (start.hasValue().not() or end.hasValue().not() or (start <= end))
              44. Patient.identifier.assigner
              Definition

              Organization that issued/manages the identifier.

              ShortOrganization that issued id (may be just text)
              Comments

              The Identifier.assigner may omit the .reference element and only contain a .display element reflecting the name or other textual information about the assigning organization.

              Control0..1
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              TypeReference(Organization)
              Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
              Summarytrue
              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')))
              46. Patient.active
              Definition

              Whether this patient record is in active use. Many systems use this property to mark as non-current patients, such as those that have not been seen for a period of time based on an organization's business rules.

              It is often used to filter patient lists to exclude inactive patients

              Deceased patients may also be marked as inactive for the same reasons, but may be active for some time after death.

              ShortWhether this patient's record is in active use
              Comments

              If a record is inactive, and linked to an active record, then future patient/record updates should occur on the other patient.

              Control0..1
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              Typeboolean
              Is Modifiertrue because This element is labelled as a modifier because it is a status element that can indicate that a record should not be treated as valid
              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
              Summarytrue
              Requirements

              Need to be able to mark a patient record as not to be used because it was created in error.

              Meaning if MissingThis resource is generally assumed to be active if no value is provided for the active element
              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              48. Patient.name
              Definition

              A name associated with the individual.

              ShortA name associated with the patient
              Comments

              A patient may have multiple names with different uses or applicable periods. For animals, the name is a "HumanName" in the sense that is assigned and used by humans and has the same patterns.

              Control0..*
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              TypeHumanName
              Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
              Summarytrue
              Requirements

              Need to be able to track the patient by multiple names. Examples are your official name and a partner name.

              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              50. Patient.telecom
              Definition

              A contact detail (e.g. a telephone number or an email address) by which the individual may be contacted.

              ShortA contact detail for the individual
              Comments

              A Patient may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and also to help with identification. The address might not go directly to the individual, but may reach another party that is able to proxy for the patient (i.e. home phone, or pet owner's phone).

              Control0..*
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              TypeContactPoint
              Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
              Summarytrue
              Requirements

              People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email.

              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              cpt-2: A system is required if a value is provided. (value.empty() or system.exists())
              52. Patient.gender
              Definition

              Administrative Gender - the gender that the patient is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.

              Short[male | female | other | unknown]。[CRLF.sex]
              Comments

              The gender might not match the biological sex as determined by genetics or the individual's preferred identification. Note that for both humans and particularly animals, there are other legitimate possibilities than male and female, though the vast majority of systems and contexts only support male and female. Systems providing decision support or enforcing business rules should ideally do this on the basis of Observations dealing with the specific sex or gender aspect of interest (anatomical, chromosomal, social, etc.) However, because these observations are infrequently recorded, defaulting to the administrative gender is common practice. Where such defaulting occurs, rule enforcement should allow for the variation between administrative and biological, chromosomal and other gender aspects. For example, an alert about a hysterectomy on a male should be handled as a warning or overridable error, not a "hard" error. See the Patient Gender and Sex section for additional information about communicating patient gender and sex.

              Control1..1
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AdministrativeGender
              (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|4.0.1)

              The gender of a person used for administrative purposes.

              Typecode
              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
              Must Supporttrue
              Summarytrue
              Requirements

              Needed for identification of the individual, in combination with (at least) name and birth date.

              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              54. Patient.birthDate
              Definition

              The date of birth for the individual.

              Short出生日期。[CRLF.dbirth]
              Comments

              At least an estimated year should be provided as a guess if the real DOB is unknown There is a standard extension "patient-birthTime" available that should be used where Time is required (such as in maternity/infant care systems).

              Control1..1
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              Typedate
              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
              Must Supporttrue
              Summarytrue
              Requirements

              Age of the individual drives many clinical processes.

              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              LOINC Code21112-8
              56. Patient.deceased[x]
              Definition

              Indicates if the individual is deceased or not.

              Short生存狀態。[CRLF.vstatus]
              Comments

              If there's no value in the instance, it means there is no statement on whether or not the individual is deceased. Most systems will interpret the absence of a value as a sign of the person being alive.

              Control1..1
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              Typeboolean
              [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
              Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because once a patient is marked as deceased, the actions that are appropriate to perform on the patient may be significantly different.
              Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
              Must Supporttrue
              Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
              Summarytrue
              Requirements

              The fact that a patient is deceased influences the clinical process. Also, in human communication and relation management it is necessary to know whether the person is alive.

              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              58. Patient.address
              Definition

              An address for the individual.

              Short戶籍地址
              Comments

              Patient may have multiple addresses with different uses or applicable periods.

              Control1..*
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              TypeAddress
              Must Supporttrue
              Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
              Summarytrue
              Requirements

              May need to keep track of patient addresses for contacting, billing or reporting requirements and also to help with identification.

              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              60. Patient.address.id
              Definition

              Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

              ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
              Control0..1
              Typestring
              XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
              62. Patient.address.extension
              Definition

              May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

              ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
              Comments

              There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

              Control0..*
              This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
              TypeExtension
              Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
              Alternate Namesextensions, user content
              Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
              ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
              SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Patient.address.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
              • value @ url
              • 64. Patient.address.use
                Definition

                The purpose of this address.

                Shorthome | work | temp | old | billing - purpose of this address
                Comments

                Applications can assume that an address is current unless it explicitly says that it is temporary or old.

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AddressUse
                (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/address-use|4.0.1)

                The use of an address.

                Typecode
                Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary or old address etc.for a current/permanent one
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                Allows an appropriate address to be chosen from a list of many.

                Example<br/><b>General</b>:home
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                66. Patient.address.type
                Definition

                Distinguishes between physical addresses (those you can visit) and mailing addresses (e.g. PO Boxes and care-of addresses). Most addresses are both.

                Shortpostal | physical | both
                Comments

                The definition of Address states that "address is intended to describe postal addresses, not physical locations". However, many applications track whether an address has a dual purpose of being a location that can be visited as well as being a valid delivery destination, and Postal addresses are often used as proxies for physical locations (also see the Location resource).

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AddressType
                (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/address-type|4.0.1)

                The type of an address (physical / postal).

                Typecode
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Example<br/><b>General</b>:both
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                68. Patient.address.text
                Definition

                Specifies the entire address as it should be displayed e.g. on a postal label. This may be provided instead of or as well as the specific parts.

                ShortText representation of the address
                Comments

                Can provide both a text representation and parts. Applications updating an address SHALL ensure that when both text and parts are present, no content is included in the text that isn't found in a part.

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                Typestring
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Must Supporttrue
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                A renderable, unencoded form.

                Example<br/><b>General</b>:137 Nowhere Street, Erewhon 9132
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                70. Patient.address.line
                Definition

                This component contains the house number, apartment number, street name, street direction, P.O. Box number, delivery hints, and similar address information.

                ShortStreet name, number, direction & P.O. Box etc.
                Comments

                Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

                Control0..*
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                Typestring
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Example<br/><b>General</b>:137 Nowhere Street
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                72. Patient.address.city
                Definition

                The name of the city, town, suburb, village or other community or delivery center.

                ShortName of city, town etc.
                Comments

                Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                Typestring
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Alternate NamesMunicpality
                Example<br/><b>General</b>:Erewhon
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                74. Patient.address.district
                Definition

                The name of the administrative area (county).

                ShortDistrict name (aka county)
                Comments

                District is sometimes known as county, but in some regions 'county' is used in place of city (municipality), so county name should be conveyed in city instead.

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                Typestring
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Alternate NamesCounty
                Example<br/><b>General</b>:Madison
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                76. Patient.address.state
                Definition

                Sub-unit of a country with limited sovereignty in a federally organized country. A code may be used if codes are in common use (e.g. US 2 letter state codes).

                ShortSub-unit of country (abbreviations ok)
                Comments

                Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                Typestring
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Alternate NamesProvince, Territory
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                78. Patient.address.postalCode
                Definition

                A postal code designating a region defined by the postal service.

                Short戶籍地代碼。[CRLF.resid]
                Comments

                Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

                Control1..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                Typestring
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Must Supporttrue
                Summarytrue
                Alternate NamesZip
                Example<br/><b>General</b>:9132
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                80. Patient.address.country
                Definition

                Country - a nation as commonly understood or generally accepted.

                ShortCountry (e.g. can be ISO 3166 2 or 3 letter code)
                Comments

                ISO 3166 3 letter codes can be used in place of a human readable country name.

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                Typestring
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Summarytrue
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                82. Patient.address.period
                Definition

                Time period when address was/is in use.

                ShortTime period when address was/is in use
                Comments

                A Period specifies a range of time; the context of use will specify whether the entire range applies (e.g. "the patient was an inpatient of the hospital for this time range") or one value from the range applies (e.g. "give to the patient between these two times").

                Period is not used for a duration (a measure of elapsed time). See Duration.

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                TypePeriod
                Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                Summarytrue
                Requirements

                Allows addresses to be placed in historical context.

                Example<br/><b>General</b>:{ "start" : "2010-03-23", "end" : "2010-07-01" }
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                per-1: If present, start SHALL have a lower value than end (start.hasValue().not() or end.hasValue().not() or (start <= end))
                84. Patient.maritalStatus
                Definition

                This field contains a patient's most recent marital (civil) status.

                ShortMarital (civil) status of a patient
                Comments

                Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from Marital Status Codes
                (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/marital-status)

                The domestic partnership status of a person.

                TypeCodeableConcept
                Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                Requirements

                Most, if not all systems capture it.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                86. Patient.multipleBirth[x]
                Definition

                Indicates whether the patient is part of a multiple (boolean) or indicates the actual birth order (integer).

                ShortWhether patient is part of a multiple birth
                Comments

                Where the valueInteger is provided, the number is the birth number in the sequence. E.g. The middle birth in triplets would be valueInteger=2 and the third born would have valueInteger=3 If a boolean value was provided for this triplets example, then all 3 patient records would have valueBoolean=true (the ordering is not indicated).

                Control0..1
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                TypeChoice of: boolean, integer
                [x] NoteSeeChoice of Data Typesfor further information about how to use [x]
                Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                Requirements

                For disambiguation of multiple-birth children, especially relevant where the care provider doesn't meet the patient, such as labs.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                88. Patient.photo
                Definition

                Image of the patient.

                ShortImage of the patient
                Comments

                Guidelines:

                • Use id photos, not clinical photos.
                • Limit dimensions to thumbnail.
                • Keep byte count low to ease resource updates.
                Control0..*
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                TypeAttachment
                Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                Requirements

                Many EHR systems have the capability to capture an image of the patient. Fits with newer social media usage too.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                att-1: If the Attachment has data, it SHALL have a contentType (data.empty() or contentType.exists())
                90. Patient.contact
                Definition

                A contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient.

                ShortA contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient
                Comments

                Contact covers all kinds of contact parties: family members, business contacts, guardians, caregivers. Not applicable to register pedigree and family ties beyond use of having contact.

                Control0..*
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                TypeBackboneElement
                Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                Requirements

                Need to track people you can contact about the patient.

                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                pat-1: SHALL at least contain a contact's details or a reference to an organization (name.exists() or telecom.exists() or address.exists() or organization.exists())
                92. Patient.contact.id
                Definition

                Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                Control0..1
                Typestring
                XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                94. Patient.contact.extension
                Definition

                May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
                Comments

                There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                Control0..*
                This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                TypeExtension
                Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Patient.contact.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                • value @ url
                • 96. Patient.contact.modifierExtension
                  Definition

                  May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                  Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                  ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                  Comments

                  There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                  Control0..*
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  TypeExtension
                  Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                  Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                  Summarytrue
                  Requirements

                  Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                  Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                  98. Patient.contact.relationship
                  Definition

                  The nature of the relationship between the patient and the contact person.

                  ShortThe kind of relationship
                  Comments

                  Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.

                  Control0..*
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from PatientContactRelationship
                  (extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/patient-contactrelationship)

                  The nature of the relationship between a patient and a contact person for that patient.

                  TypeCodeableConcept
                  Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                  Requirements

                  Used to determine which contact person is the most relevant to approach, depending on circumstances.

                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  100. Patient.contact.name
                  Definition

                  A name associated with the contact person.

                  ShortA name associated with the contact person
                  Comments

                  Names may be changed, or repudiated, or people may have different names in different contexts. Names may be divided into parts of different type that have variable significance depending on context, though the division into parts does not always matter. With personal names, the different parts might or might not be imbued with some implicit meaning; various cultures associate different importance with the name parts and the degree to which systems must care about name parts around the world varies widely.

                  Control0..1
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  TypeHumanName
                  Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                  Requirements

                  Contact persons need to be identified by name, but it is uncommon to need details about multiple other names for that contact person.

                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  102. Patient.contact.telecom
                  Definition

                  A contact detail for the person, e.g. a telephone number or an email address.

                  ShortA contact detail for the person
                  Comments

                  Contact may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently, and also to help with identification.

                  Control0..*
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  TypeContactPoint
                  Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                  Requirements

                  People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email.

                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  cpt-2: A system is required if a value is provided. (value.empty() or system.exists())
                  104. Patient.contact.address
                  Definition

                  Address for the contact person.

                  ShortAddress for the contact person
                  Comments

                  Note: address is intended to describe postal addresses for administrative purposes, not to describe absolute geographical coordinates. Postal addresses are often used as proxies for physical locations (also see the Location resource).

                  Control0..1
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  TypeAddress
                  Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                  Requirements

                  Need to keep track where the contact person can be contacted per postal mail or visited.

                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  106. Patient.contact.gender
                  Definition

                  Administrative Gender - the gender that the contact person is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.

                  Shortmale | female | other | unknown
                  Comments

                  Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

                  Control0..1
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from AdministrativeGender
                  (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|4.0.1)

                  The gender of a person used for administrative purposes.

                  Typecode
                  Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                  Requirements

                  Needed to address the person correctly.

                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  108. Patient.contact.organization
                  Definition

                  Organization on behalf of which the contact is acting or for which the contact is working.

                  ShortOrganization that is associated with the contact
                  Comments

                  References SHALL be a reference to an actual FHIR resource, and SHALL be resolveable (allowing for access control, temporary unavailability, etc.). Resolution can be either by retrieval from the URL, or, where applicable by resource type, by treating an absolute reference as a canonical URL and looking it up in a local registry/repository.

                  Control0..1
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1, pat-1
                  TypeReference(Organization)
                  Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                  Requirements

                  For guardians or business related contacts, the organization is relevant.

                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')))
                  110. Patient.contact.period
                  Definition

                  The period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient.

                  ShortThe period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient
                  Comments

                  A Period specifies a range of time; the context of use will specify whether the entire range applies (e.g. "the patient was an inpatient of the hospital for this time range") or one value from the range applies (e.g. "give to the patient between these two times").

                  Period is not used for a duration (a measure of elapsed time). See Duration.

                  Control0..1
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  TypePeriod
                  Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  per-1: If present, start SHALL have a lower value than end (start.hasValue().not() or end.hasValue().not() or (start <= end))
                  112. Patient.communication
                  Definition

                  A language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health.

                  ShortA language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health
                  Comments

                  If no language is specified, this implies that the default local language is spoken. If you need to convey proficiency for multiple modes, then you need multiple Patient.Communication associations. For animals, language is not a relevant field, and should be absent from the instance. If the Patient does not speak the default local language, then the Interpreter Required Standard can be used to explicitly declare that an interpreter is required.

                  Control0..*
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  TypeBackboneElement
                  Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                  Requirements

                  If a patient does not speak the local language, interpreters may be required, so languages spoken and proficiency are important things to keep track of both for patient and other persons of interest.

                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  114. Patient.communication.id
                  Definition

                  Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                  ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                  Control0..1
                  Typestring
                  XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                  116. Patient.communication.extension
                  Definition

                  May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                  ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
                  Comments

                  There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                  Control0..*
                  This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                  TypeExtension
                  Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                  Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                  Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                  ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                  SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Patient.communication.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                  • value @ url
                  • 118. Patient.communication.modifierExtension
                    Definition

                    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                    Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                    ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                    Comments

                    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                    Control0..*
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    TypeExtension
                    Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                    Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                    Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                    120. Patient.communication.language
                    Definition

                    The ISO-639-1 alpha 2 code in lower case for the language, optionally followed by a hyphen and the ISO-3166-1 alpha 2 code for the region in upper case; e.g. "en" for English, or "en-US" for American English versus "en-EN" for England English.

                    ShortThe language which can be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health
                    Comments

                    The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems actually code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type.

                    Control1..1
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from CommonLanguages
                    (preferred to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages)

                    A human language.

                    Additional BindingsPurpose
                    AllLanguagesMax Binding
                    TypeCodeableConcept
                    Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                    Requirements

                    Most systems in multilingual countries will want to convey language. Not all systems actually need the regional dialect.

                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    122. Patient.communication.preferred
                    Definition

                    Indicates whether or not the patient prefers this language (over other languages he masters up a certain level).

                    ShortLanguage preference indicator
                    Comments

                    This language is specifically identified for communicating healthcare information.

                    Control0..1
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    Typeboolean
                    Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                    Requirements

                    People that master multiple languages up to certain level may prefer one or more, i.e. feel more confident in communicating in a particular language making other languages sort of a fall back method.

                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    124. Patient.generalPractitioner
                    Definition

                    Patient's nominated care provider.

                    ShortPatient's nominated primary care provider
                    Comments

                    This may be the primary care provider (in a GP context), or it may be a patient nominated care manager in a community/disability setting, or even organization that will provide people to perform the care provider roles. It is not to be used to record Care Teams, these should be in a CareTeam resource that may be linked to the CarePlan or EpisodeOfCare resources. Multiple GPs may be recorded against the patient for various reasons, such as a student that has his home GP listed along with the GP at university during the school semesters, or a "fly-in/fly-out" worker that has the onsite GP also included with his home GP to remain aware of medical issues.

                    Jurisdictions may decide that they can profile this down to 1 if desired, or 1 per type.

                    Control0..*
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    TypeReference(Organization, Practitioner, PractitionerRole)
                    Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                    Alternate NamescareProvider
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')))
                    126. Patient.managingOrganization
                    Definition

                    Organization that is the custodian of the patient record.

                    ShortOrganization that is the custodian of the patient record
                    Comments

                    There is only one managing organization for a specific patient record. Other organizations will have their own Patient record, and may use the Link property to join the records together (or a Person resource which can include confidence ratings for the association).

                    Control0..1
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    TypeReference(Organization)
                    Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    Need to know who recognizes this patient record, manages and updates it.

                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')))
                    128. Patient.link
                    Definition

                    Link to another patient resource that concerns the same actual patient.

                    ShortLink to another patient resource that concerns the same actual person
                    Comments

                    There is no assumption that linked patient records have mutual links.

                    Control0..*
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    TypeBackboneElement
                    Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because it might not be the main Patient resource, and the referenced patient should be used instead of this Patient record. This is when the link.type value is 'replaced-by'
                    Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                    Summarytrue
                    Requirements

                    There are multiple use cases:

                    • Duplicate patient records due to the clerical errors associated with the difficulties of identifying humans consistently, and
                    • Distribution of patient information across multiple servers.
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    130. Patient.link.id
                    Definition

                    Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

                    ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
                    Control0..1
                    Typestring
                    XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
                    132. Patient.link.extension
                    Definition

                    May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

                    ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
                    Comments

                    There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                    Control0..*
                    This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                    TypeExtension
                    Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                    Alternate Namesextensions, user content
                    Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                    ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                    SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Patient.link.extension. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
                    • value @ url
                    • 134. Patient.link.modifierExtension
                      Definition

                      May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

                      Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

                      ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
                      Comments

                      There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

                      Control0..*
                      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                      TypeExtension
                      Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
                      Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                      Summarytrue
                      Requirements

                      Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

                      Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                      ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
                      136. Patient.link.other
                      Definition

                      The other patient resource that the link refers to.

                      ShortThe other patient or related person resource that the link refers to
                      Comments

                      Referencing a RelatedPerson here removes the need to use a Person record to associate a Patient and RelatedPerson as the same individual.

                      Control1..1
                      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                      TypeReference(Patient, RelatedPerson)
                      Standard StatusNormative (from Normative)
                      Summarytrue
                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
                      ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')))
                      138. Patient.link.type
                      Definition

                      The type of link between this patient resource and another patient resource.

                      Shortreplaced-by | replaces | refer | seealso
                      Comments

                      Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

                      Control1..1
                      This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
                      BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from LinkType
                      (required to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/link-type|4.0.1)

                      The type of link between this patient resource and another patient resource.

                      Typecode
                      Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
                      Summarytrue
                      Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))